3b- changes to cycles and monitoring

Question 1

short term changes to carbon cycle

Answer 1

no sun at night means no PS so less CO2 is taken in.

sunlight varies seasonally- affects PS and CO2. There is less equation closer to the equator

Phytoplankton are stimulated by temperature so in the summer more PS so less CO2 in the atmospheric store

in winter colder so CO2 is more soluble so more stored in the oceans

Question 2

short term changes to water cycle

Answer 2

Increase in temperature in the summer increases EVTP

In summer more forest fires so less interception so less EVTP and so less precipitation.

Increase in frequency of storms affects stores of water

Question 3

long term changes to carbon cycle

Answer 3

In interglacial periods ice melts and trapped CO2 and CH4 is released
in glacial periods there are less plants so less PS

Carbon is more soluble in the cold so in glacial periods there is less CO2 in the atmosphere

Question 4

long term changes to water cycle

Answer 4

In glacial periods more water is stored as ice and so there are less flows. Opposite in interglacial periods.

In glacial periods less vegetation so less EVTP and less rain

Permafrost increases soil water stores in glacial periods

Question 5

how do we monitor the cycles

Answer 5

Satellites measure energy radiated from the surface to measure sea ice
NASA orbiting carbon observatory measure atmospheric CO2
Albedo images from satellites can be used to measure deforestation
Polar orbiters measure cloud water and rain to monitor water vapour levels

Question 6

why do we monitor changes to cycles

Answer 6

allows us to observe changes on different time scales, data can be mapped to show anomalies, trends and regions with the greatest change