3B Cell Cycle

Question 1

asexual reproduction

Answer 1

the production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent cell or organism

Question 2

histones

Answer 2

DNA winds around these positively charged proteins to form dense clusters known as nucleosomes

Question 3

Interphase

Answer 3

a period of non-division when the cells increase in mass and size, carrying out normal cellular activities and replicating their DNA ready for division

Question 4

cytokinesis

Answer 4

final stage of the cell division when the cells separate

Question 5

G1 (interphase) (2)

Answer 5

• makes organelles and proteins

- cell grows and develops

Question 6

S (interphase) (2)

Answer 6

• chromosomes replicate and become double-stranded chromatids ready for the next cell division
• DNA replication

Question 7

G2 (interphase)

Answer 7

• organelles and other materials needed for cell division are synthesized (before cell can divide it needs two of everything)

Question 8

mitosis

Answer 8

when the nucleus is actively dividing

Question 9

cell cycle

Answer 9

• controlled by chemical signals which are made in response to different genes (these chemical substances are called cyclins)

Question 10

the coiling of proteins (2)

Answer 10

• the nucleosomes interact to produce more coiling and then supercoiling to form dense chromosome structures
• in the supercoiled areas the genes are not available to be transcribed to make proteins