3A Physiology of Muscle Contraction

Question 1

responsible for connecting muscle to bone

Answer 1

tendon

Question 2

fuses at the end of each muscle fiber to form the tendon

Answer 2

sarcolemma

Question 3

intracellular fluid between myofibrils

Answer 3

sarcoplasm

Question 4

responsible for the actual muscle contraction

Answer 4

actin and mysoin filaments

Question 5

causes the alternating light and dark bands

Answer 5

interdigitation of actin and myosin

Question 6

filamentous protein that acts as a framework holding actin and myosin filaments in place (skeletal)

Answer 6

titin

Question 7

acts as a spring and changes links as the sarcomere contracts and relaxes (skeletal)

Answer 7

titin

Question 8

region where actin and myosin overlap

Answer 8

A-band

Question 9

region that contains the actin filaments

Answer 9

I-band

Question 10

filamentous protein enclosing the sarcomere

Answer 10

Z-band

Question 11

wrapped spirally around the actin helix

Answer 11

Tropomyosin

Question 12

in the resting state, this molecule are on top of the active sites to hinder attraction between actin and myosin

Answer 12

tropomyosin

Question 13

protein complexes attached along tropomyosin molecules

Answer 13

troponin

Question 14

3 subunits of troponin and what is it for:

Answer 14

I- affinity for actin
T- for tropomyosin
C- for calcium; strong affinity of troponin C to calcium initiates the contraction process

Question 15

protruding head and arms of the myosin molecules

Answer 15

cross-bridges

Question 16

in the resting state of actin, what complex are bound to the active site that prevents contraction

Answer 16

Troponin and Tropomyosin complex

Question 17

chemical synapse formed between motor neuron and muscle fiber

Answer 17

neuromuscular junction

Question 18

can be seen in muscle fibers

increases surface area at which synaptic transmitter can act

Answer 18

subneural clefts

Question 19

carries high energy phosphate bond similar to ATP

Answer 19

phosphocreatine

Question 20

metabolism for long-term muscle contraction

Answer 20

oxidative metabolism

Question 21

type of fibres that are used for sustained activities

Answer 21

oxidative red slow fibres (type I)
fast fibers (type iiA)

Question 22

fibres that are used for a short period of time

Answer 22

glycolytic white fast fibres (type IIB)

Question 23

difference between isotonic and isometric contraction

Answer 23

isotonic - occurs when the force of contraction is greater than the load and tension of the muscle

isometric - occur when the load is greater than the force of muscle contraction

Question 24

study the comparisons of the action potentials of the different muscle tissues

Answer 24

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