3A Photosynthesis Flashcards
Where does PS occur?
chloroplast
Which environmental should be present for PS to occur?
light
PS
Process that converts _____________ energy into ____________ energy.
Specify the two energies.
electromagnetic; chemical
EM: visible light
CHEM: NADPH, ATP
What type of reaction is the overall reaction of PS? Give the equation.
How does CO2 give way to the formation of organic compounds?
oxidation-reduction
oxdn:
2H2O —> 4 e-, 4 protons, + O2
redn:
CO2 —> organic compounds
: through the transfer of e- from donor to acceptor molecule
The raw materials of PS ________ the cells of the leaf.
The products of PS ________ the leaf.
Give examples for both.
raw material: enter
water, CO2
products: leave
sugar, oxygen
What is the net product of the Calvin cycle of PS which is then utilized for the synthesis of sucrose and starch?
Triose phosphate
Give the complete reaction equation for PS.
6 CO2 + 6 H2O ———> C6H12O6 + 6O2
PS vs RESPI
Which one turns CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO FUEL for growth, development, and reproduction?
Which one harnesses RADIENT ENERGY TO MAKE CHEMICAL ENERGY?
Since growth requires a net GAIN of energy, in plants, photosynthetic energy gain must _________ respiratory energy loss.
Respiration
PS
exceed
Refer to notes for Leaf structure
The leaf cross section reveals that the ___________ is the photosynthetic tissue.
CO2 enters the leaf through tiny pores called _______, while H2O is carried to the mesophyll in ________.
Draw the parts of the chloroplast.
mesophyll
stomata; veins
Give four other names for the Calvin Cycle
Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle
The Enzymatic reactions
The Carbon Fixation Reactions
The Light Independent Reactions
Nature of LIGHT:
Give the equation for Wave.
Give the equation for Particle=Photon
wave:
c = wavelength x frequency
where c = 3 x 10^8 m s^-1
particle = photon:
E = hv
where
E = quantum energy
h = Planck’s constant (6.626 x 10^-34 J s)
v = frequency
Nature of Light:
Which color has the shortest wavelength?
Shorter wavelength = ______ energy
violet.
wavelength and energy are inversely proportional. shorter wavelength = higher wavelength.
3 possibilities when light hits an object
absorbed
reflected
transmitted through
which wavelengths are the most important for PS?
red and blue
Give examples of PS pigments and determine whether they are primary pigments or antenna pigments
- Chlorophylls
Chlorophyll a (primary)
Chlorophyll b - Carotenoids
Carotene
Xanthophyll
Only Chlorophyll a is a primary pigment
Give the two major regions of Chlorophyll molecules and determine which part is “light-absorbing/capturing”.
Difference between chlorophyll a and b?
(1) Porphyrin ring — light-absorbing head
(2) Hydrocarbon tail
Chlorophyll a - CH3 (methyl group)
Chlorophyll b - CHO (formyl group)
pigment that initiates the light-DEPENDENT reactions of PS
what is its color?
chlorophyll a
bright green
accessory pigment
what is its color?
chlorophyll b
yellow green
pigment that EXPANDS the spectrum of light that provides energy and is also for PHOTOPROTECTION
what is its color?
carotenoids
yellow and orange
TRUE or FALSE
collectively, chlorophyll and accessory pigments absorb only red and blue wavelengths of visible light
False. it absorbs most wavelengths.
Which pigment is not present in plants but present in protists and bacteria?
Which specific pigments are present in plants and protists but not in bacteria?
Which pigment is found only in archaeans?
memorize the pigments if you have time
Phycobilins
lycopene (carotenes), fucoxanthin (xanthophylls)
Retinal
Which spectrum shows which wavelengths a pigment absorbs best?
absorption spectrum
Absorption spectra of chlorophylls:
In which wavelength does chl a have higher percent absorption than chl b? chl b higher than chl a?
chl a > b
RED
chl b > a
BLUE
The photosynthetic rate relative to exposure to different wavelengths is called __________?
action spectrum
Ground state is the condition in which all its electrons are in their normal, lowest-energy levels. It dissipates as ______, or as fluorescence.
In fluorescence, the light emitted has a ________ wavelength than the absorbed light.
heat
longer
