3A meiosis

Question 1

genes

Answer 1

unit of heredity

Question 2

inheritance/heredity

Answer 2

the passing of traits from parent to offspring through genes

Question 3

traits

Answer 3

characteristics

Question 4

alleles

Answer 4

a variant form of a gene with individuals inheriting two alleles for each gene, one from each parent, that determine specific traits like eye color

Question 5

genotype

Answer 5

the combination of alleles an individual has

Question 6

phenotype

Answer 6

observable traits resulting from genotype

Question 7

homozygous

Answer 7

having 2 identical alleles

Question 8

heterozygus

Answer 8

having 2 different alleles

Question 9

Law of Segregation

Answer 9

during the formation of gametes (sex cells), the two alleles for a trait separate, so that each gamete carries only one allele for each trait.

Question 10

Law of independent assortment

Answer 10

during gamete formation, different pairs of alleles (for different traits) segregate independently of each other, meaning the inheritance of one trait doesn’t influence the inheritance of another.

Question 11

Law of dominance

Answer 11

in a heterozygous condition, one trait (the dominant trait) will mask the presence of another trait (the recessive trait) for the same characteristic

Question 12

true breeding

Answer 12

organisms that, when bred with others of the same type, consistently produce offspring with the same traits, indicating they are homozygous for those traits.

Question 13

cross breeding

Answer 13

Crossbreeding is the mating of animals or plants from different breeds or varieties within the same species to produce offspring with a combination of traits from both parents

Question 14

P generation

Answer 14

parent

Question 15

f1 generation

Answer 15

1st offspring

Question 16

f2 generation

Answer 16

2nd offspring