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U.S. History > Democracy Grows > Flashcards

Democracy Grows Flashcards

1
Q

Cotton Gin

A

Machine created by Eli Whitney that separates cotton fibers from the seeds

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2
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

Introduced new machines that worked human jobs.
Made goods more affordable and accessible
Poor working conditions
-cotton gin
-interchangable parts
-textile loom

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3
Q

Samuel Slater

A

“father” of industrial revolution
built the first mechanized textile mill
-stated industrial revolution

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4
Q

Irish Potato Famine

A

Irish suffered from starvation because of their highly dependant food, potatoes became infected
-caused Irish to come to u.s.

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5
Q

Manumission

A

the release from slavery by owners

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6
Q

Common man

A

the working class, everyday person, and not a wealthy landowner or politician

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7
Q

Abolitionism

A

a political and social movement that sought to end slavery and liberate enslaved people

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8
Q

sectionalism

A

overemphasized political, economic, and social loyalty to a region of a country rather than the country as a whole.

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9
Q

states rights

A

the rights and powers held by individual US states rather than by the federal government.

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10
Q

Compromise 1850

A

-preserve union
-california wants to be a state but doesn’t want to be split in two
-got rid of Missouri line
-california comes as free state
-Western popular sovereignty states would vote if they want to be free or not
-fail and causes bleeding Kansas

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11
Q

Missouri Compromise

A

It was repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, and the Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional in 1857.
-maintain the balance of free and slave states in the United States:
missouri slave
-made missouri and maine states

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12
Q

Bleeding Kansas

A

a period of violent conflict in Kansas Territory from 1854 to 1861 between pro- and anti-slavery groups.
-led to civil war
-result of Kansas-Nebraska Act

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13
Q

John Brown

A

A radical abolitionist
-believes in using violence to end slavery
-harpers ferry field-seized the federal armory to arm slaves
-big cause of civil war

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14
Q

Interchangeable Parts

A

identical or nearly identical components that can be used in place of each other in a product assembly.
invented by Eli Whitney

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15
Q

Overseer

A

-plantation job
-white supervisor during slavery
-under master
-picked drivers

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16
Q

Drivers

A

-plantation job
-more privileged slaves
-could vote out overseer
-acted as overseer

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17
Q

Nat Turners Rebellion

A

slave revolt
largest+best organized rebellion
-destroyed what little freedom slaves had

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18
Q

Indian Removal

A

forced Native American tribes from their ancestral lands to areas west of the Mississippi River
-led by andrew jackson

19
Q

Kitchen Cabinet

A

after jackson’s Cabinet resigned this replaced the cabinet
-consisted of members who only influenced jackson

20
Q

Kansas Nebraska Act

A

repealed the Missouri compromise
-reopened debate over slavery in the West
-almost led to civil war
-allowed for popular sovereignty
kansas-slave nebraska-free

21
Q

Sack of Lawrence

A

apart of “bleeding Kansas”
-a violent attack on the antislavery town of Lawrence, Kansas, by pro-slavery settlers
-turning point in the lead up to civil war
-angers John Brown and causes ponatomee creek

22
Q

Industrialism

A

the economic system of a society that has transitioned away from an agrarian economy
-relies on industry

23
Q

Plantation system

A

involved growing cash crops on large farms for profit. It was the primary agricultural production method in the South
-king cotton

24
Q

Underground Railroad

A

a network of people, both whites and free Blacks, who worked together to help runaways from slaveholding states travel to states in the North and to the country of Canada, where slavery was illegal.
-not actual railroad

25
Q

Temperance Movement

A

a social movement that promoted abstinence from or moderation in the consumption of alcohol
-women want banned
-alcohol causes men to beat their wives

26
Q

Westward Migration

A

the process of Europeans populating the United States mainland
-rapid population increase in california
-

27
Q

Gold Rush

A

led to rapid economic growth
-gold found in tailrace in california
-grew California population
-destroys compromise of 1820 line

28
Q

manifest Destiny

A

-extreme nationalism
-idea that us had God given right to expand territory
-Begins with Louisiana purchase
-Jackson orders lewis and Clark to go over the Rocky mountains

29
Q

Oregon issue

A

-Polk winning territory
-split land
disagreement between us and britain over Oregon territory

30
Q

John C Calhoun

A

-sectionalist
-strong advocacy of states rights
-political stand for nullification crisis
-south Carolina politician

31
Q

trial of tears

A

apart of indian removal act
-was a forced relocation of American Indians from their homelands
-westward expansion

32
Q

fugitive slave act

A

series of federal laws that allowed for the captive and return runaway enslaved people to their owners

33
Q

dred Scott decision

A

enslaved man who tried to sue for his freedom after living in a free state
-decided slaves aren’t citizens and can’t use court

34
Q

2nd great awakening

A

-attracted women, blacks, native Americans
-rise in christianity
-God offered salvation for all who chose to embrace it. Salvation (going to heaven

35
Q

Lowell girls

A

worked in textile Mills, operating machinery
-during industrial revolution
-young, single women
-growing labor movement

36
Q

Nullification crisis

A

-a constitutional crisis and conflict between the federal government and the state of South Carolina
-south carolina resisted protective tarrifs

37
Q

Texas Independence

A

led to Texas revolution
-gained independence from mexico government
-mexico abolished slavery and Texans didn’t want that

38
Q

Mexican American war

A

sparked by annexation of texas by the us over border between Mexico and texas
-us won Mexico
-mexico lost significant amount of land

39
Q

spoil system

A

after winning an election, gives government jobs to its supporters
-reward for victory

40
Q

spot resolution

A

-polk comes to Congress declaration of war
-lincoln stands and wishes to have a resolution

41
Q

2nd national bank

A

andrew Jackson vetos governments to re-charter
-jackson deposited funds and moved to “pet banks”

42
Q

andrew jackson

A

-direct representation of common man(came from humble beings)
-expansion of democracy for white men, and controversial policies like the Indian Removal Act, which led to the “Trail of Tears.”

43
Q

Henry clay

A

“the great compromiser”
Missouri compromise

U.S. History (3 decks)

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