3.7.4. Introduction to the Kidney

Question 1

This condition is the number one cause of end stage renal disease

Answer 1

DM is #1 cause of end stage renal disease [ESRD] (on dialysis or transplant)

Question 2

Genetic marker related to ESRD (End stage renal disease)

Answer 2

Genetic marker: APOL1 gene polymorphism = 7-10X increased risk of ESRD

Question 3

Discuss the three types of renal injury

Answer 3

“Pre-renal”: lack of sufficient blood flow to the kidney

“Post renal”: mechanical obstruction of the ureters - usually anatomic

“Intra-renal” largest and most complex group, intrinsic diseases of the kidney. Seen with ischemia and toxins/drugs

Question 4

Kidneys are responsible for the conversion of 25-OH Vitamin D to ______.

Answer 4

Conversion of 25-OH Vitamin D to 1,25-OH Vitamin D