3.7.1 | Inheritance Flashcards
What is a gene?
A section of DNA that codes for a specific protein/polypeptide
What is an allele?
One of a number of alternative forms of a gene
What is a locus?
The position of a gene on a chromosome
What is a phenotype?
The visible characteristics in an organism (determined by genotype and environment)
What is a genotype?
The genetic composition/makeup of an organism (the combination of alleles found)
What is a dominant allele?
An allele that is always expressed (visible) in the phenotype of an organism if present
What is a recessive allele?
An allele that is only visible in the phenotype in the presence of another identical allele
What does homozygous mean?
The alleles for a particular gene are identical
What does heterozygous mean?
The alleles for a particular gene are different
What is diploid?
Cells in which the nucleus contains two sets of chromosomes
What is haploid?
Cells in which the nucleus contains only one copy of each chromosome
What are multiple alleles?
A gene that has more than two possible alleles for it (in the gene pool)
What is codominance?
Both alleles (heterozygous) for one gene contribute to the phenotype
