3.5.4 gender socialisation evaluation (social psych`) Flashcards
What is boys socialisation affected by in terms of parents
their key role-model (the father) is less likely to be the primary caregiver.
What does it mean for boys that they key role model isn’t their primary care giver
means that boys rebel against their mothers socialisation (especially if they consider it to be feminine) and seek out male peer groups where traits such as aggression, toughness and rule-breaking are rewarded. These traits are more likely to lead to crime and deviance.
What does the chivalry hypothesis suggest
women commit more crimes than official statistics record, however police, magistrates and judges tend to be men that have been socialised to act in a more chivalrous manner to women.
What did Pollack claim about chivalry hypothesis
that men in the criminal justice system tended to have a protective attitude towards women, and as a result they’re less likely to be convicted.
What do Pollack’s claims suggest
it is not only the gender of the person demonstrating the criminal behaviour but also the ‘gender’ of the criminal justice system which may be responsible for lower levels of females seen in crime statistics.
Who contrasts pollack’s claims
Carlen
What did Carlen say
Even though males generally commit more crimes they are let off comparatively more lightly due to the expectations set out for their gender
How do males and females differ biologically
hormones
How does testosterone differ and what is it linked to
Testosterone is secreted by men at a much higher level and has been linked to aggressive behaviour by many studies, including those with prison populations
What did Dabbs et al find about testosterone concentrations
9 out of 11 inmates with the lower testosterone concentrations had committed non-violent crimes, whereas 10 out of the 11 inmates with higher concentrations had committed violent crimes.
What do Dabbs et al’s findings argue
that testosterone is related to increased aggression and that differences in socialisation and social control may not be the only differences responsible for criminal behaviour.
Why may females be less likely to commit crimes according to hormones
female hormones promote social behaviour
What hormone is found more so in women
Oestradiol
What does Estradiol promote
empathy (lacking in many criminals)
What do findings about hormones suggest
hormones play a role in some criminal behaviours i.e. in men hormones promote behaviour and in females hormones may reduce such behaviours.
