3.5 Newton's Laws of Motion and Momentum Flashcards
If an object is in equilibrium it means the object is…
Not accelerating; it is either:
Stationary
Moving at a constant velocity
Which of Newton’s Laws state”every action force has an equal and opposite reaction force”
Newton’s Third Law
What is Newton’s Second Law?
F=ma
The resultant force of an object is proportional to the rate of change of momentum of the object and in the same direction
What is Newton’s First Law?
An object at rest or moving with constant velocity will stay that way unless a resultant force acts upon it
What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions?
In an elastic collision, the kinetic energy before is equal to the kinetic energy afterwards - no energy is lost
However, in an inelastic collision, the kinetic energy at the end is not equal to the kinetic energy at the start - some energy is lost to the surroundings
Give an equation that can be used to calculate momentum:
momentum = mass x velocity
True or false:
Linear momentum is only conserved in elastic collisions
False, linear momentum is always conserved
The rate of change of momentum can also be described as…
Resultant force
What is impulse?
The change in momentum:
F (change in)t = (change in)(mv)
What does the area underneath a force-time graph stand for?
Impulse, the change in momentum
What is meant by the principle of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred into other forms of energy
Therefore the total energy in a closed system would always remain the same
What is the equation used for the principle of conservation of momentum in 1-d collisions?
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v29
