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Chemistry > 3.5 Electrolysis 1 -Introduction > Flashcards

3.5 Electrolysis 1 -Introduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the beaker contain?

A

An electrolyte

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2
Q

What is an electrolyte?

A

A liquid or solution that contains an ionic compound where the ions are free to move

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3
Q

How do you make a soluble ionic compound like Copper Sulphate become an electrolyte?

A

Dissolve it in water - the aqueous Copper Sulphate would be the electrolyte

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4
Q

How do you make an insoluble ionic compound like Lead Bromide into an electrolyte?

A

Melt it to get a molten liquid

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5
Q

In the electrolysis experiment, if you have Lead Bromide as the electrolyte, which ion would be positive?

A

Lead

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6
Q

In the electrolysis experiment, if you have Lead Bromide as the electrolyte, which ion is negative?

A

Bromine

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7
Q

What are electrodes?

A

Solid conductors that are usually made out of metal or carbon

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8
Q

Which electrode is on the left of the beaker?

A

Negative - cathode

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9
Q

What electrode is on the right of the beaker?

A

Positive - anode

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10
Q

What piece of equipment in the electrolysis experiment is used to connect the two electrodes together?

A

Wire

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11
Q

What is the wire used for in the electrolysis experiment?

A

So the electrons can flow

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12
Q

What piece of equipment is used in the middle of the wire in between the two electrodes?

A

A power supply - usually a battery

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13
Q

Why is a power supply used in the between the two electrodes in the electrolysis experiment?

A

To drive the flow of electrons

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14
Q

What is electrolysis used to do?

A

Electricity is used to convert the ions in a compound back into their pure elemental forms by transferring electrons from the negative ions, to the positive ions.

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15
Q

In the electrolysis experiment, if the electrolyte was Lead Bromide, which ion would be attracted to the positive anode?

A

Bromine

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16
Q

What happens when the negatively charged Bromine ions move to the positive anode?

A

They will lose electrons - it will turn from a negatively charged ion to a neutral atom. In Bromine’s case, this will cause the atoms to pair up and form Bromine gas which then floats off.

17
Q

In the electrolysis experiment, if the electrolyte was Lead Bromide, which ion would be attracted to the negative cathode?

A

Lead

18
Q

What happens when the positively charged Lead ions move to the negative cathode?

A

They will gain electrons and the ions form pure lead which will then fall to the bottom of the beaker and form a layer of molten lead.

19
Q

When the positive metal or hydrogen ions in the electrolyte gain electrons, are they reduced or oxidised?

A

Reduced

20
Q

When the negative non-metal ions in the electrolyte lose electrons are they reduced or oxidised?

A

Oxidised

21
Q

Describe how Bromine’s ions transfer to the Lead

A

The 2 electrons from the Bromine ions are being passed to the positive anode and then being transported along the wire around to the negative cathode using the power of the battery. Then, the 2 electrons from the Bromine ions are given to the Lead ions, turning it into pure, neutral lead.

22
Q

An electrolysis cell has two electrodes. What is the name of the positive electrode?

A

Anode

23
Q

An electrolysis cell has two electrodes. What is the name of the negative electrode?

A

Cathode

24
Q

In electrolysis, which direction do the electrons travel?

A

Anode —> Cathode

25
Q

The electrodes in an electrolysis cell are normally made of inert carbon. What does the term ‘inert’ mean?

A

It is unreactive, so will not take place in the reaction.

26
Q

In terms of electrons, what does oxidation mean?

A

Loss of electrons

27
Q

In terms of electrons, what does reduction mean?

A

Gain of electrons

28
Q

In electrolysis, why does the compound you’re trying to separate need to be molten or dissolved?

A

So that the ions are free to move around (and go to their respective electrode)

29
Q

Why can’t an ionic solid be electrolysed?

A

The ions are in fixed positions and can’t move

30
Q

In electrolysis, which electrode would chloride ions (Cl-) be attracted to?

A

Anode

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