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Physics Aqa > 3.4.1 Mechanics > Flashcards

3.4.1 Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

A physical quantity with just magnitude

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2
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

A physical quantity with both direction and magnitude

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3
Q

What sort of quantity is distance?

A

Scalar

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4
Q

What sort of quantity is mass?

A

Scalar

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5
Q

What sort of quantity is temperature?

A

Scalar

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6
Q

What sort of quantity is speed?

A

Scalar

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7
Q

What sort of quantity is displacement?

A

Vector

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8
Q

What sort of quantity is velocity?

A

Vector

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9
Q

What sort of quantity is acceleration?

A

Vector

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10
Q

What sort of quantity is weight?

A

Vector

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11
Q

What sort of quantity is force?

A

Vector

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12
Q

When vectors are at a right angle to each other how can you add them? (2)

A

Pythagoras
Trigonometry

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13
Q

What is a method of adding vectors which may have angles greater than 90 degrees?

A

Scale drawing

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14
Q

What does it mean when a force triangle is closed?

A

The forces are in equilibrium

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15
Q

With regards to motion, what does it mean when an object is in equilibrium? (2)

A

The object is at rest and not moving, or moving at a constant velocity

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16
Q

What is the moment of a force?

A

Force x the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the point

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17
Q

What does coplanar mean?

A

Forces within the same plane

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18
Q

What is couple?

A

A pair of equal and opposite coplanar forces

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19
Q

What is a moment of a couple?

A

One of the forces x perpendicular distance between the lines of action of the forces

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20
Q

What is the principle of moments?

A

For an object to be in equilibrium, all anticlockwise moments = all clockwise moments

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21
Q

What is the centre of mass of an object?

A

The point which an objects mass acts

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22
Q

If an object is uniform where is it’s centre of mass?

A

Exactly at the centre of the object

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23
Q

What is speed defined as?

A

How fast an object is moving

24
Q

What is displacement defined as?

A

Distance travelled from the starting position

25
Q

What is velocity defined as?

A

The rate of change of displacement

26
Q

What is acceleration defined as?

A

The rate of change of velocity

27
Q

What is instantaneous velocity?

A

Velocity at a specific point in time

28
Q

How do you attain a instantaneous velocity on a non-linear displacement - time graph?

A

By drawing a tangent at a specific time and then calculating the gradient

29
Q

What is average velocity?

A

Velocity over a specified time

30
Q

How do you attain the average velocity over a period of time using a displacement - time graph?

A

By dividing the final displacement by time

31
Q

On an acceleration - time graph, how is uniform acceleration expressed?

A

A horizontal line

32
Q

On an acceleration - time graph, how is non-uniform acceleration expressed?

A

A non-horizontal line, usually still linear

33
Q

What does a displacement - time graph show?

A

Change in displacement overtime

34
Q

What does a velocity - time graph show?

A

Change in velocity overtime

35
Q

What does an acceleration - time graph show?

A

Change in acceleration overtime

36
Q

What is the area under an acceleration - time graph?

A

Change in velocity

37
Q

What is the area under a velocity - time graph?

A

Change in displacement

38
Q

What is the gradient of a displacement - time graph?

39
Q

What is the gradient of a velocity - time graph?

A

Acceleration

40
Q

When using the SUVAT equations what must an object have?

A

Uniform acceleration

41
Q

RP: What is the equipment for the ‘determination of g’ experiment? (9)

A

Metre rule
Steel ball bearing
Two light gates
timer
clamp stand
clamps
electromagnet
counter weight
cushion

42
Q

RP: What is the independent variable (changing) for the ‘determination of g’ experiment?

A

Changing the distance between the light gates - h - metres

43
Q

RP: What is the dependent variable (measuring) for the ‘determination of g’ experiment?

A

Measuring the time taken for the ball to travel the distance between the light gates

44
Q

RP: What are the control variables (keeping the same) for the ‘determination of g’ experiment? (3)

A

Same ball bearing
same electromagnet
same height the ball is dropped from

45
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, what is the starting distance between the two light gates?

46
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, how much is the distance between the light gates reduced for each new reading?

47
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, how is the distance between the light gates reduced?

A

By moving up the lower light gate

48
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, to what is the minimum distance between the light gates that you measure?

49
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, what is the method for the experiment? (7)

A

1.Measure the distance between the light gates
2.Reset the stopwatch
3.Turn on the electromagnet and attach the ball bearing
4.Turn off the electromagnet
5.Record the time
6.Reduce the distance between the light gates
7.Repeat

50
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, which SUVAT formula is used to plot the results?

A

s = ut + 1/2at^2
h = ut + 1/2gt^2

51
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, what are the axis for the results?

A

2h/t against t

52
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, what is the gradient of the graph which the results are plotted?

53
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, what are two hazards? (2)

A

Clamp stand
Ball bearing

54
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, what are the risks of the two hazards: Clamp stand and ball bearing?

A

Falling on someone

55
Q

RP: Regarding the ‘determination of g’ experiment, what are the actions that can be taken for the hazards: Clamp stand and ball bearing?

A

Counter weight (Clamp stand) and Cushion (ball bearing)

Physics Aqa (11 decks)

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