3.4 Organic Compounds

Question 1

a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon

Answer 1

organic compound

Question 2

formulas used to show how atoms in a molecule are connected

Answer 2

structural formulas

Question 3

an organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen

Answer 3

hydrocarbon

Question 4

a hydrocarbon in which each carbon atom in the molecule shares a single bond with each of four other atoms

Answer 4

saturated hydrocarbon

Question 5

another word for saturated hydrocarbon

Answer 5

alkane

Question 6

a hydrocarbon in which at least one pair of of carbon atoms shares a double bond or triple bond

Answer 6

unsaturated hydrocarbon

Question 7

compounds that contain two carbon atoms connected by a double bond

Answer 7

alkenes

Question 8

hydrocarbons that contain 2 carbon atoms connected by a triple bond

Answer 8

alkynes

Question 9

these are divided into 4 categories: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Answer 9

biochemicals

Question 10

gives plant cell walls their rigid structure

Answer 10

cellulose

Question 11

supplied energy to muscle cells

Answer 11

glycogen

Question 12

a class of energy giving nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fiber; composed of one or more simple sugars bonded together

Answer 12

carbohydrate

Question 13

a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; fats and steroids are examples of these

Answer 13

lipids

Question 14

a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body

Answer 14

protein

Question 15

proteins are composed of “building blocks” called

Answer 15

amino acids

Question 16

increase the rate at which reactions occur

Answer 16

catalysts

Question 17

protein found in red blood cells that delivers oxygen throughout the body

Answer 17

hemoglobin

Question 18

a molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides

Answer 18

nucleic acid

Question 19

molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus

Answer 19

nucleotides

Question 20

nucleic acids are sometimes called

Answer 20

the blueprints of life