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Business > 3.4 - Human Resources > Flashcards

3.4 - Human Resources Flashcards

1
Q

What is an organisational structure?

A

The way in which a business arranges itself internally to carry out its activities

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2
Q

Why is an organisational structure important?

A

Enables the business to function efficiently
Shows communication routes clearly
Workers know who to report to

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3
Q

Tall organisational structure = ?

A

Narrow span of control, more layers of hierarchy

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4
Q

Flat organisational structure = ?

A

Wide span of control, less layers of hierarchy

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5
Q

What is delayering?

A

The removal of one or more levels of hierarchy from a business’ organisational structure

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6
Q

Benefits of delayering

A

Reduce labour costs
Can empower staff to take initiative
Shorter chain of command, improve communication

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7
Q

Drawbacks of delayering

A

Large increase in span of control

Junior staff have to take on responsibility - stress/experience

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8
Q

What is hierarchy?

A

The levels of importance in an organisational chart

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9
Q

What is the meaning of delegate?

A

Passing over responsibility to a subordinate

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10
Q

What is the meaning of subordinate?

A

A person in a lower level of hierarchy

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11
Q

What is chain of command?

A

How communication gets passed down the business

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12
Q

What is span of control?

A

The number of people you are responsible for

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13
Q

What is meant by line manager?

A

Where one employee is in charge of another less important employee

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14
Q

What is delegation?

A

The passing of responsibility from a line manager to a subordinate

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15
Q

What is a centralised business?

A

They are where important decisions are made by senior managers

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16
Q

What is a decentralised business?

A

They are where decisions making power is spread (delegated) to junior mangers

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17
Q

What is a contract of employment?

A

A legal agreement between an employer and employee setting out conditions of employment

18
Q

What is a job share?

A

An agreement where two or more people ‘share’ the responsibilities of an full time job

19
Q

Full time job = ?

A

Often 35 hours per week

20
Q

Part time job = ?

A

Often less than 35 hours per week

21
Q

Benefits of part time job for a business

A

Retain valued workers
Increased flexibility
Wider pool of workers

22
Q

Benefits of full time job

A

Less spent on recruitment
Less spent on training
Reduced span of control

23
Q

What are some financial methods of motivation?

A

Wages
Salaries
Commission

24
Q

What are some non financial methods of motivation?

A

Training
Praise
Empowerment

25
Q

Benefits of having a well motivated work force

A 
Better quality 
Better production 
Lower levels of staff turnover 
Employee loyalty 
Lower training and recruitment costs
26
Q

What is training?

A

Training is a range of activities giving employees job related skills and knowledge

27
Q

Benefits of training

A 
Increased productivity 
Motivation 
Staff retention
Improved quality 
Better customer service
28
Q

What is on the job training?

A

When employees receive training as they are working at the place of work

29
Q

What is off the job training?

A

When employees receive training away from the work place

30
Q

Benefits of on the job training

A
  • It is a much cheaper form of training because the employee can learn from other employees (mentors). Moreover, it will be hands on, practical training relevant to the employee. This means, even in the short term, they will be able to produce output (all be it slowly).
  • Working closely with other employees helps build relationships which will aid communication in the future and perhaps increase productivity
31
Q

Benefits of off the job training

A
  • Since workers are removed from the usual work environment they can be focussed on the training. They will not be distracted by other work commitments. As a result of this they are more likely to learn the skill well.
  • Reduces the risk of an error in the workplace
  • Can help to bring new ideas into the business
  • They will be trained by an expert who has knowledge, expertise and is practiced in teaching the content of the training.
  • The employee will have time and space to fully grasp the skill with no pressure to be productive
32
Q

What is the process of recruitment?

A

Recognise need for a vacancy, Job description, Person specification, Advertise, Shortlist, Interview, Appoint

33
Q

What is recognising a need for vacancy in a business?

A

This is where a job position arises and can be due to temporary or permanent reasons

34
Q

What is a job description?

A

This is a document that the business draws up to consider the duties and status of a worker

35
Q

What is a person specification?

A

This is where a document is produced that considers the personality and qualities of the candidate

36
Q

What is meant when recruiting to advertise?

A

This is where the vacancy is communicated to potential candidates either internally or externally

37
Q

What is shortlist when recruiting?

A

This is where the number of candidates that had responded to the advert are reduced as to how well they match the job description and person specification

38
Q

What is an interview

A

This is where the candidate is questioned face to face by the potential employer

39
Q

What is meant when recruiting to appoint?

A

This is where the candidate is confirmed that the position is theirs

40
Q

Benefits of good customer service

A
  • Increase customer satisfaction. As they had a positive experience they become loyal to the business in the future
  • This leads to increased loyalty which may lead to customers spending more on the website or outlet in the future (known as spending per head)
  • The impact of this is increased profitability

Business (7 decks)

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