3.4 Cells of the Nervous System

Question 1

What are the 3 types of neuron?

Answer 1

Motor, Sensory and Inter Neurons

Question 2

In which branch like structure do electrical impulses originate?

Answer 2

Dendrite

Question 3

In which part of the neuron would the organelles be located?

Answer 3

Cell body

Question 4

The elongated, fibre like structure that conducts the electrical impulse is known as the…

Answer 4

Axon

Question 5

The electrical impulse ends in which structures?

Answer 5

Axon Terminals

Question 6

The axon is insulated by which structure?

Answer 6

Myelin Sheath

Question 7

Which cells make the myelin sheath?

Answer 7

Glial Cells

Question 8

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

Answer 8

Increase the speed of electrical conduction

Question 9

Which category of chemicals are stored in vesicles within the axon terminals?

Answer 9

Neurotransmitters

Question 10

Through which transport method do neurotransmitters cross the synapse?

Answer 10

Diffusion

Question 11

Name the 2 way in which neurotransmitters can be removed from the synapse

Answer 11

Reuptake or enzyme degradation

Question 12

Which structures determine if an impulse is excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 12

Receptors

Question 13

What term describes the combining of individually weak impulses in a converging pathway?

Answer 13

Summation

Question 14

What is the function of endorphins?

Answer 14

Stimulate neurons that reduce intensity of pain

Question 15

Which neurotransmitter is associated with the reward pathway?

Answer 15

Dopamine

Question 16

Which type of chemical mimics a neurotransmitter?

Answer 16

Agonists

Question 17

Which type of chemical blocks the action of a neurotransmitter?

Answer 17

Antagonist

Question 18

What term describes the decrease in number and sensitivity of receptors, leading to drug tolerance?

Answer 18

Desensitisation

Question 19

Which term describes the increase in sensitivity/number of receptors, leading to drug addiction

Answer 19

Sensitisation