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CHEMISTRY > 3.4 ACIDS > Flashcards

3.4 ACIDS Flashcards

1
Q

What colour does methyl orange turn in an acid

A

Red

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2
Q

What colour is methyl orange in alkali and neutral

A

Yellow

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3
Q

What color is phenolphthalein in an acid and neutral

A

Colourless

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4
Q

What colour is phenolphthalein in an alkali

A

Pink

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5
Q

What colour would a strong acid be on universal indicator

A

Red

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6
Q

What would a weak acid be on universal indicator

A

Yellow

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7
Q

What colour is neutral on a universal indicator scale

A

Green

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8
Q

What would a weak alkali be on universal indicator

A

Blue

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9
Q

What would a strong alkali be on universal indicator

A

Purple

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10
Q

Define the term acid

A

A H+ Donor

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11
Q

Define the term alkali

A

A OH- donor

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12
Q

Acid + Base = ?

A

Salt + Water

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13
Q

Acid + Metal = ?

A

Salt + Hydrogen

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14
Q

What is the formula for ammonium

A

NH4+

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15
Q

What is the formula and charge for hydroxide

A

OH-

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16
Q

What is the formula and charge for nitrate

A

NO3-

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17
Q

What is the formula and charge for carbonate

A

CO3 (2-)

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18
Q

What is the formula and charge for sulphate

A

SO4 (2-)

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19
Q

What is the difference between alkalis and bases

A

Alkalis are soluble and bases aren’t

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20
Q

Acid + Carbonate = ?

A

Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

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21
Q

What is the test for hydrogen

A

A lit splint will make a squeaky pop in hydrogen

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22
Q

What is the concentration of nitrogen in the air

A

78%

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23
Q

What is the concentration of oxygen in the air

A

21%

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24
Q

What is the concentration of argon in the air

A

0.96%

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25
What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air
0.04%
26
How do you measure the concentration of oxygen in the air
By reacting it with another metal and finding the decrease in volume of air
27
What are the 2 common faults of the experiment of finding the concentration of oxygen in the air
1) Wasn't given enough time to react | 2) There was a leak in the apparatus
28
Metal + Oxygen = ? (+State)
Metal oxide (Solid)
29
Non-Metal + Oxygen = ? (+State)
Non-Metal dioxide (Solid)
30
What is a unique observation of magnesium and oxygen
Bright white light, and white powder formed
31
What is the unique observation of sulphur and oxygen
Blue flame
32
Charge of Silver
+
33
Charge of zinc
2+
34
Charge of Copper
2+
35
Charge of lead
2+
36
What is the test for oxygen
A glowing splint will relight in a test tube
37
What do metal oxides become when dissolved in water
alkaline soloution
38
What do non-metal dioxides become when dissolved in water
Acidic soloution
39
How do you determine whether an unknown element was a metal or non-metal
1) Combust it in oxygen 2) Dissolve the oxide formed 3) Check the pH of the solution with an indicator
40
Define a base
H+ Acceptor
41
What is the formula for ammonia
NH3
42
What is the formula for hydrochloric acid
HCl
43
What is the formula for nitric acid
HNO3
44
What is the formula for sulphuric acid
H2SO4
45
What is the formula for phosphoric acid
H3PO4
46
What is the formula for carbonic acid
H2CO3
47
What is the formula for ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
48
Define a polyatomic ion
An ion that contains more than one ion
49
What salts are completely soluble
Sodium, Potassium, Ammonium and nitrate
50
What is chloride insoluable with
Silver and lead
51
What is sulphate insoluble with
Calcium, Barium and lead
52
What is carbonate soluble with
Sodium, potassium and ammonium
53
What is hydroxide soluable with
Sodium, potassium and calcium
54
What is oxide soluble with
Sodium, potassium and ammonium
55
What are 2 observations from an acid+Metal reaction
The metal disappears and effervescence
56
What 3 metals are too reactive to do a metal+acid reaction
Potassium, sodium and lithium
57
What 3 metals aren't reactive enough to do a metal+acid reaction and why
Copper, silver and gold as they are less reactive than hydrogen
58
What is the only observation of a acid+base reaction
The base is used up in the reaction
59
What are the 4 stages to making a salt crystal
1) Add the base to an acid and heat it 2) Filter out excess base 3) Heat the salt solution until crystals start to form on the outside 4) Leave the salt solution to crystallize
60
What are the two observations of an acid Carbonate reaction
The carbonate disappears and effervesence
61
Acid + Ammonia --> ?
Ammonium Salt
62
Acid + Hydroxide --> ?
Salt + Water
63
Acid + Metal Oxide --> ?
Salt +Water
64
What colour does red litmus turn in acids
Red
65
What colour does red litmus turn in a neutral substance
Red
66
What colour does red litmus turn in alkalis
Blue
67
What colour does Blue litmus turn in acids
Red
68
What colour does Blue litmus turn in a neutral substance
Blue
69
What colour does blue litmus turn in alkalis
Blue
70
Why shouldn't litmus paper be used alone to determine is a solution is acidic or alkali
1) It doesn't give an indication of of how acidic or alkalinic it is and so universal indicator should be used as well 2) It stays the same colour in neutral substances as well
71
Non-metal oxides dissolved in water form what
Acidic soloutions
72
Metal oxides dissolved in water form what
Alkaline Solutions
73
What colour is copper powder when combined with oxygen
Black

CHEMISTRY (17 decks)

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