3.3c) What are the reasons why some locations remain largely 'switched off' from globalisation?

Question 1

1) What is a two-speed world?

Answer 1

1) A two speed world consists of switched off countries and switched on countries.

Question 2

1) What is a switched-on country?

Answer 2

1) This is a country that advocates for increased connectedness - as it improves economic development, which leads to a higher standard of living for their citizens.

Question 3

1) What is a switched-off country?

Answer 3

1) Some countries do not believe in increased connectedness, as they believe it leads to corrupt practices. These countries are left behind.

Question 4

1) How can differing degrees of globalisation be measured?

Answer 4

1) > Flows: Higher volume of international trade, and more migration of people.
> Technologies: Increased internet usage and flows of information.
> Movements: Increased international air travel.
> Media: Spread of global advertising.

Question 5

1) How much copper does Zambia produce?

Answer 5

1) It is the eighth largest producer of raw and part-processed copper.

Question 6

1) Zambia is landlocked, how does it overcome this?

Answer 6

1) It accesses ports on the Angolan or Tanzanian coasts.

Question 7

1) What is the TanZam railway, and who built it?

Answer 7

1) In the 1970s, a 1860km rail link, developed using Chinese investment, took Zambia’s copper to the Tanzanian coast. By 2000 it was in poor repair, but further Chinese investments have improved it, leading to rising copper exports since 2008.

Question 8

1) What is the Benguela rail link, and who built it?

Answer 8

1) Paid for by the Chinese, and carries copper to the Angolan coast.

Question 9

1) What has the value of copper fallen?

Answer 9

1) Due to fibre-optic cables replacing it in communications.

Question 10

1) How much FDI has Zambia’s copper industry received?

Answer 10

1) US$20 billion, which has enabled them to part process the ore.

Question 11

1) How much of Tanzania’s population is employed in agriculture?

Answer 11

1) 80%

Question 12

1) By how much did cotton prices go up, between 2006 and 2016?

Answer 12

1) From US$0.40 per pound to US$2.00

Question 13

1) What causes cotton prices to fall?

2) What other problems occur, as a result of less profit from cotton?

Answer 13

1) Overproduction

2) Harder to pay for imported manufactured goods.

Question 14

1) How has the heavily indebted Poor Countries initiative, helped Tanzania?

Answer 14

1) This initiative has led to the cancellation of many of its debts, allowing the country to invest more money in schools and health care.

Question 15

1) With which other countries does Tanzania have investment links, to help export its products.

Answer 15

1) India, China, Japan and the UAE.