3.3.3 Digestion and Absorption Flashcards
Q: What happens to large biological molecules during digestion?
A: They are hydrolysed into smaller molecules that can be absorbed across cell membranes.
Q: What is the role of amylase in carbohydrate digestion?
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A: Amylase hydrolyses starch into maltose
Q: What is the function of membrane-bound disaccharidases in digestion?
A: They hydrolyse disaccharides into monosaccharides for absorption.
Q: How are lipids digested in mammals?
A: Lipids are digested by lipase, which hydrolyses triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides.
Q: What is the role of bile salts in lipid digestion?
A: Bile salts emulsify fats, increasing the surface area for lipase to act on.
Q: What is the function of endopeptidases in protein digestion?
A: Endopeptidases hydrolyse peptide bonds within proteins to produce smaller polypeptides.
Q: How do exopeptidases contribute to protein digestion?
A: Exopeptidases hydrolyse terminal peptide bonds to release single amino acids or dipeptides.
Q: What is the role of membrane-bound dipeptidases in protein digestion?
A: They hydrolyse dipeptides into individual amino acids for absorption.
Q: How are amino acids absorbed in the ileum?
A: Through co-transport mechanisms, involving sodium ions.
Q: How are monosaccharides absorbed in the ileum?
A: They are absorbed via co-transport with sodium ions.
Q: What is the role of micelles in lipid absorption?
A: Micelles help transport fatty acids and monoglycerides to the epithelial cells of the ileum for absorption.
Q: What could be an investigation involving the effect of pH on a digestive enzyme?
A: Design and carry out an experiment to measure the rate of reaction catalyzed by a digestive enzyme at different pH levels.
Q: How can Visking tubing be used in the study of digestion?
A: It can be used as a model to investigate the absorption of digestion products, simulating the gut membrane..
Q: What is the primary purpose of hydrolysis in digestion?
A: To break down large molecules into smaller, absorbable units.
