3.3 Xylem, Phloem & transport Flashcards
what does xylem transport?
water and minerals
which way does xylem transport water and minerals?
roots to leaves
is xylem made of dead or alive tissue?
dead
what are dead xylem vessels impregnated with?
lignin for support
xylem vessels also have pits what does this do?
let water flow from one xylem to another in case of collapsing
what does phloem transport?
sugars
in what direction can the phloem transport sugars?
roots to leaves
leaves to roots
what does phloem consist of?
companion cells and sieve tube elements
is phloem lignified?
no it is a long hollow structure
what are sieve tube elements?
cells of the phloem allowing nutrients to flow through the plants in a watery stream
how are sieve tube elements arranged in the phloem?
end to end
what are companion cells?
cells of the phloem aiding the movement of nutrients
what process do plants need to move water for?
photosynthesis
the sugars produced in photosynthesis are needed for what and where?
respiration throughout the plant
when transporting water and minerals what do the roots hairs give the root?
large surface area for water uptake
once in the root water travels from the cortex to where?
vascular tissues in the stele
what does the cortex consist of?
undifferentiated parenchyma cells
in the xylem water moves through pits to what cells?
elongated tracheid cells
how do xylem vessels join to form continuous vessels?
end to end
what do sclerenchyma fibres in the xylem provide?
support
in the leaf vascular bundles are surrounded by what sort of tissue?
mesophyll tissue
what does mesophyll tissue contain?
air spaces into which water evaporates
water vapour leaves the plant via the what?
stomata
how do stomata control water loss?
opening and closing
