3.3 Respiration releases chemical energy in biological processes

Question 1

What are 3 processes requiring respiration (ATP)?

Answer 1

Active transport
protein synthesis
muscle contractions

Question 2

What are the 4 stages of respiration?

Answer 2

Glycolysis
Link reaction
Krebs Cycle
Electron transport chain

Question 3

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

Where does the Links reaction occur?

Answer 4

Matrix

Question 5

Where does the Krebs Cycle occur?

Answer 5

Matrix

Question 6

Where does the electron transport chain occur?

Answer 6

membrane of cristae

Question 7

What are co-enzymes?

Answer 7

Enzymes released to assist other active enzymes in a reduction or oxidation

Question 8

What process uses Co-enzyme A?

Answer 8

Links reaction

Question 9

What process uses FAD?

Answer 9

Krebs cycle

Question 10

What process uses NAD?

Answer 10

Glycolysis
links reaction
Krebs cycle

Question 11

In glycolysis what is the starting molecule?

Answer 11

Glucose

Question 12

In glycolysis what does glucose go to and what is lost?

Answer 12

glucose phosphate
2 ATP molecules —> 2 ADP

Question 13

In glycolysis what does Triose phosphate go to?

Answer 13

2 molecules of Triose phosphate (3 carbon molecules)

Question 14

In glycolysis what do 2 PAGL go to?

Answer 14

2 pyruvate

Question 15

What is used/created when 2 PGAL goes to 2 pyruvate?

Answer 15

2 NAD —> 2 NADH
4 ADP —> 4ATP

Question 16

What is the net ATP produced in glycolysis?

Answer 16

2 ATP molecules

Question 17

What are the products of glycolysis?

Answer 17

2 pyruvate molecules
2 ATP
2 NADH

Question 18

What are the products of the link reaction?

Answer 18

2 x Acytyl Coenzyme A
2 x NADH
2x CO2 (released)

Question 19

How many carbons are in acetyl coenzyme A?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

What are the products of the link reaction?

Answer 20

2 x Acetyl Coenzyme A
2 x NADH
2x CO2 (released)

Question 21

What is the first step in the Krebs cycle?

Answer 21

Oxaloacetale (4C) binds to Acetyl coenzyme A (2C) to from Citrate (6C)

Question 22

What is released as Citrate goes to Oxaloacetate?

Answer 22

6 NADH
2 FADH
4 CO2
2 ATP

Question 23

What is the total ATP gain from 1 molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration?

Answer 23

4 ATP

Question 24

Why is oxygen important in respiration?

Answer 24

Final electron acceptor in the transport chain
without it the chin would not flow

Question 25

What stages of respiration occur in anaerobic respiration?

Answer 25

Glycolysis

Question 26

What happens to Pyruvate in anaerobic respiration?

Answer 26

Converted to lactate

Question 27

What is the efficiency of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 27

2.1%

Question 28

What is lipid respiration?

Answer 28

Fat is hydrolysed into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 29

How do fatty acids enter the Krebs cycle?

Answer 29

They split into 2C fragments and join to via coenzyme A