3.3 Respiration Flashcards
What is Aerobic Respiration
The release of large amounts of energy made available as ATP from the breakdown of molecules with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor
Anaerobic Respiration
The breakdown of molecules in the absence of oxygen releasing relatively little energy making a small amount of ATP by substrate level phosphorylation. ( Glycolysis)
First stage of Glycolysis
Glucose to Hexose phosphate (6C) using the phosphate from ATP.
Stage 2 of Glycolysis
Hexose phosphate to Hexose diophosphate, using ATP -> ADP + Pi
Stage 3 of glycolysis
Hexose Diophospahte splits into Triose Phosphate
What type of reaction is Glucose to Hexose Diophosphate
Endothermic
What type of reaction is triose phosphate to pyruvate
Exothermic
What are the products of Glycolysis
Pyruvate x2
ATP x4 and a net production of 2 ATP
Reduced NAD x2
What enzyme is used to remove H+ ions
Dehydrogenase
Where does the Link Reaction occur
Mitochondrial matrix
What is the stages of the Link Reaction
Pyruvate to Acetyl Coenzyme A + CO2 + Refuced NAD
What is Decarboxylation
The removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule releasing CO2
How many Carbons is Acetyl
2
What does one Kreb Cycle produce
1 ATP
Three NAD
One FAD
2CO2
Where does the Kreb Cycle occur
Mitochondrial matrix
What is the first stage of the Kreb Cycle
Acetyl CoA combines with 4C oxaloacetate to form 6C Citrate
Second Stage of the Kreb Cycle
The 6C Citrate is dehydrogenated making reduced NAD and decarboxylated to make CO2 and a 5C INT
Stage 3 of Kreb Cycle
The 5C is dehydrogenated makes reduced NAD and FAD and decarboxylated to make CO2 and regenerate the first 4C carbons
How many net ATPs are produced in Aerbic Respieation
38
Alcoholic Fermentation Steps
Glucose - Tripose Phosphate - NAD - Pyruvate - CO2 - ethanal - ethanol + oxidised NAD which can be reused
Other name for Anaerobic Respiration
Lactate Pathway
Where does the amino acids from protein join respiration
Pyruvate and acetyl and different stages of the Kreb Cycle
What can act as glucose instead
Polysaccharides
Where do Glycerol and Fatty acids join Respiration
Glycerol - Triose Phosphate
Fatty Acid - Acetyl CoA
