3.3 Respiration Flashcards
Name the parts of the mitochondria
- Outer membrane
- Intermembrane space
- Inner membrane
- Cristae
- Ribosomes 70s
- Matrix
- Loose DNA
Obligate Aerobes
Break down substrates using oxygen
Facultative anaerobes
Respire Aerobically but can respire without oxygen
Obligate anaerobes
Respire without oxygen
Name the 3 types of phosphorylation
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Photophosphorylation
- Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Inner membrane of mitochondria, involves transfer of electrons along ETC
Photophosphorylation
Thylakoid membranes of chloroplast, light dependant stage of respiration
Substrate level phosphorylation
Phosphate groups transfered to donor molecules
Name the 4 stages of respiration
- Glycolysis
- Link Reaction
- Krebs Cycle
- Electron Transport Chain
Where does glycolysis take place?
Cytoplasm of cell
Where does link reaction take place?
Matrix of mitochondria
Where does Krebs cycle take place?
Matrix of mitochondria
Where does electron transport chain take place?
inner membrane
Glycolysis steps
Glucose (6C)
Phosphorolation
Hexose Phosphate (6C)
Triose phosphate (3C) x2
Sub Lev Phos
Dehydrogenation NAD to NADH2
Pyruvate (3C) x2
Products of glycolosis
2 Pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH2
Enzyme used in glycolysis
Dehydrogenase
Steps of link reaction
x2
Pyruvate (3C)
Dehydrogenation
Decarboxylation
Acetyl coenzyme A (2C)
Products of link reaction
2 Acetyle coenzyme A
2Co2
2NADH2
Steps of Krebs cylce
x2
* Acetyle coenzyme A (2C)
Coenzyme A goes to link
* 6C sugar
Decarboxylation
Dehydrogenation
* 5C sugar
Dehydrogenation
Substrate level phosphorolation
* 4C sugar
FAD to FADH2 dehydrogenation + NAD to NADH2
* 4C sugar
Enzymes used in link reaction
Dehydrogenase
Decarboxylase
Products of Krebs Cycle
4CO2
2ATP
6NADH2
2FAD2
Enzymes used in Krebs Cycle
Decarboxylase x2
Dehydrogenase
NAD x3
FAD x1
per cycle
How many ATPs is NADH2 worth?
3ATP
How many ATPs is FADH2 worth?
2ATP
Total amount of ATP produced in Glycolysis, Link, Krebs
38ATP
Explain the electron transport chain
- NADH2 delivers H2 to ETC. H2 splits into proton + electron
- Electron transported accross membrane in a series of carriers. This provides energy for mroton pumps
- H+ pumped from matrix into inter membrane space
- High conc of H+in inter membrane space - creates an electrochemical gradient
- H+ diffuses through a stalked particle. Synthesises ATP by the enzyme ATPase - OXIDATIVE PHOSPHOROLATION
- Oxygen acts as a final electron acceptar - creates water
Anaerobic respiration
- No Oxygen available to remove Hydrogen atoms to make water
- No oxidative phos
- Only glycolysis takes place
- 2ATP formed
Anaerobic respiration in animals
- Pyruvate is the hydrogen acceptor
- Pyruvate is reduced to lactate by NADH2
- NAD is recyled and used again
Anaerobic respiration in yeast
- Pyruvate is decarboxylated into ethanal
- Ethanal is reduced to ethanol by NADH2
- NAD is recycled and used again
