3.3 Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

Name the parts of the mitochondria

A
  • Outer membrane
  • Intermembrane space
  • Inner membrane
  • Cristae
  • Ribosomes 70s
  • Matrix
  • Loose DNA
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2
Q

Obligate Aerobes

A

Break down substrates using oxygen

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3
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Respire Aerobically but can respire without oxygen

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4
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

Respire without oxygen

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5
Q

Name the 3 types of phosphorylation

A
  1. Oxidative phosphorylation
  2. Photophosphorylation
  3. Substrate Level Phosphorylation
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6
Q

Oxidative Phosphorylation

A

Inner membrane of mitochondria, involves transfer of electrons along ETC

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7
Q

Photophosphorylation

A

Thylakoid membranes of chloroplast, light dependant stage of respiration

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8
Q

Substrate level phosphorylation

A

Phosphate groups transfered to donor molecules

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9
Q

Name the 4 stages of respiration

A
  1. Glycolysis
  2. Link Reaction
  3. Krebs Cycle
  4. Electron Transport Chain
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10
Q

Where does glycolysis take place?

A

Cytoplasm of cell

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11
Q

Where does link reaction take place?

A

Matrix of mitochondria

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12
Q

Where does Krebs cycle take place?

A

Matrix of mitochondria

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13
Q

Where does electron transport chain take place?

A

inner membrane

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14
Q

Glycolysis steps

A

Glucose (6C)
Phosphorolation
Hexose Phosphate (6C)
Triose phosphate (3C) x2
Sub Lev Phos
Dehydrogenation NAD to NADH2
Pyruvate (3C) x2

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15
Q

Products of glycolosis

A

2 Pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH2

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16
Q

Enzyme used in glycolysis

A

Dehydrogenase

17
Q

Steps of link reaction

A

x2
Pyruvate (3C)
Dehydrogenation
Decarboxylation
Acetyl coenzyme A (2C)

18
Q

Products of link reaction

A

2 Acetyle coenzyme A
2Co2
2NADH2

19
Q

Steps of Krebs cylce

A

x2
* Acetyle coenzyme A (2C)
Coenzyme A goes to link
* 6C sugar
Decarboxylation
Dehydrogenation
* 5C sugar
Dehydrogenation
Substrate level phosphorolation
* 4C sugar
FAD to FADH2 dehydrogenation + NAD to NADH2
* 4C sugar

20
Q

Enzymes used in link reaction

A

Dehydrogenase
Decarboxylase

21
Q

Products of Krebs Cycle

A

4CO2
2ATP
6NADH2
2FAD2

22
Q

Enzymes used in Krebs Cycle

A

Decarboxylase x2
Dehydrogenase
NAD x3
FAD x1

per cycle

23
Q

How many ATPs is NADH2 worth?

24
Q

How many ATPs is FADH2 worth?

25
Total amount of ATP produced in Glycolysis, Link, Krebs
38ATP
26
Explain the electron transport chain
1. NADH2 delivers H2 to ETC. H2 splits into proton + electron 2. Electron transported accross membrane in a series of carriers. This provides energy for mroton pumps 3. H+ pumped from matrix into inter membrane space 4. High conc of H+in inter membrane space - creates an electrochemical gradient 5. H+ diffuses through a stalked particle. Synthesises ATP by the enzyme ATPase - OXIDATIVE PHOSPHOROLATION 6. Oxygen acts as a final electron acceptar - creates water
27
Anaerobic respiration
* No Oxygen available to remove Hydrogen atoms to make water * No oxidative phos * Only glycolysis takes place * 2ATP formed
28
Anaerobic respiration in animals
* Pyruvate is the hydrogen acceptor * Pyruvate is reduced to lactate by NADH2 * NAD is recyled and used again
29
Anaerobic respiration in yeast
* Pyruvate is decarboxylated into ethanal * Ethanal is reduced to ethanol by NADH2 * NAD is recycled and used again