33. High Tech I

Question 1

Name two American industrial designers that were very influential in the 1950s.

Answer 1

Charles and Ray Eames

Question 2

Define Tensegrity. Who is credited with developing this theory?

Answer 2

Tension and integrity; compression units are discontinuous and held together by tension cables; Fuller/Snelson

Question 3

How is a hyperbolic paraboloid generated?

Answer 3

Double curvature: one goes up while the other goes down

Question 4

Why must tensile surfaces be given an anticlastic curvature?

Answer 4

To resist windload in tension

Question 5

How did Fuller account for the solar gain in the 1967 U.S. Pavilion?

Answer 5

The building tracks the sun and self-shades accordingly

Question 6

What is considered to have been the first Metabolist project?

Answer 6

Marine City by Kikutake

Question 7

What did Tange consciously change from Saarinen’s Yale Hockey Rink in his Tokyo Olympic Gymnasium?

Answer 7

Tension cables rather than a concrete ridge

Question 8

What do you consider to be the most important quality of Metabolist architecture?

Answer 8

The ability to grow, change, and connect

Question 9

What did Tange say was the difference between his 1960 Plan for Tokyo Bay and Haussmann’s Plan of Paris?

Answer 9

Orthogonal and grid like approach instead of radial arrangement of Paris

Question 10

In what country did Metabolist architecture originate?

Answer 10

Japan

Question 11

Name two Metabolist architects who were students of Tange.

Answer 11

Kurokawa and Isozaki

Question 12

Who designed Habitat 67?

Answer 12

Safdie

Question 13

Sketch the construction process of the Nagakin Capsule Tower:

Answer 13

.

Question 14

Sketch the site plan of the 1964 Olympic buildings:

Answer 14

.

Question 15

Who was the architect of the Nagakin Capsule Tower?

Answer 15

Kurokawa

Question 16

Describe the term “Structuralism” as used by Herman Hertzberger.

Answer 16

Create the infrastructure, but leave the customization of the space to the individual

Question 17

List three members of Archigram.

Answer 17

Webb, Cook, Herron

Question 18

Although influenced by Bucky Fuller, Archigram’s members had one significant difference in their design approach. What was it?

Answer 18

Not interested in the efficient use of materials

Question 19

Describe Peter Cook’s “Instant City.”

Answer 19

A city within a zeppelin that can be unloaded

Question 20

Who designed the “Walking City?”

Answer 20

Herron