27. Art Moderne

Question 1

Sketch how the RCA meets the ground:

Answer 1

.

Question 2

Art Moderne was symbolized by the use of what form?

Answer 2

teardrop

Question 3

List two aspects of the design of Rockefeller Center that contribute to its success as an urban space:

Answer 3

plaza; holds the street edge

Question 4

The roof terraces in Rockefeller Center were said to be influenced by what ancient precedent?

Answer 4

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Question 5

Briefly describe how Hood developed the massing of the RCA Building:

Answer 5

pushes the building to meet the elevator shafts

Question 6

List one exterior detail that allowed the Empire State Building to be constructed so quickly:

Answer 6

clip-on glass panels

Question 7

What determined the locations of the setbacks in the RCA building?

Answer 7

elevators

Question 8

________ was the American architect whose urban idea of the tower in the park paralleled Le Corbusier’s proposal for the city for 3 million.

Answer 8

Hood

Question 9

Norman Bel Geddes’ trademark motif was the _____.

Answer 9

teardrop

Question 10

The designer in charge of the initial planning of Rockefeller Center was _____.

Answer 10

Hood

Question 11

“Far from being a handicap, this discipline of being obliged to make a project stand on its own financial feet and to submit its details and materials to a constant critical analysis, leads to honesty and integrity of design. Under this stimulation the cobwebs of whimsy, taste, fashion, and vanity are brushed aside, and the architect finds himself face to face with the essential elements that go to make real architecture and real beauty.” This is a quote by ______________________.

Answer 11

Hood

Question 12

Name three major industrial designers who were active in the 1930s.

Answer 12

Norman Bel Geddes, R Buckminister Fuller, Raymond Loewy

Question 13

The apparent precedent for the massing of the Empire State Building was:

Answer 13

Carew Tower

Question 14

The designer of the Dymaxion House was _______.

Answer 14

Fuller

Question 15

The one word that best described the forms used to style Art Moderne designs was ______.

Answer 15

streamline

Question 16

______ was the term used to describe the method of wrapping objects with sheet metal in an attempt to give them a futurist image.

Answer 16

Modernizing

Question 17

“Why not try nothing” was the rationale of ________________________ for the design of what building?

Answer 17

Hood; New York Daily News Building

Question 18

“Dymaxion” was the term coined by ________ which meant _______.

Answer 18

Fuller; dynamic maximum

Question 19

List three differences between Art Deco buildings and Art Moderne buildings:

Answer 19

vertical vs. horizontal
warm vs. cool
angular vs. curved

Question 20

Sketch the plan concept of the Johnson Wax complex:

Answer 20

.

Question 21

Frank Lloyd Wright’s design of the Johnson Wax Building can be best described as his interpretation of what style?

Answer 21

Art Moderne

Question 22

The major design innovation in the Usonian houses that influenced the design of post-WW II suburban tract homes was ______.

Answer 22

family kitchen - the kitchen and dining room combined

Question 23

List two major details that Wright used in the Usonian house to control construction costs:

Answer 23

brick interiors; only three types of manufactured windows

Question 24

The “Usonian” house was designed by _________.

Answer 24

FLW

Question 25

Broadacre City was a project envisioned by ______.

Answer 25

FLW

Question 26

The client for Wright’s “Fallingwater” house was ________.

Answer 26

Kauffmann

Question 27

Sketch the plan of a “cartesian skyscraper” and explain the reason for its configuration:

Answer 27

.

Question 28

Name two differences between Le Corbusier’s design for the City for 3 million and his Radiant City:

Answer 28

housing farther away from office zone; a more linear form

Question 29

Where did Le Corbusier get the idea for linear housing and cities?

Answer 29

Russia

Question 30

Sketch the plan of Ville Radieuse. What project was conceived as an experimental fragment of VR?

Answer 30

. Villa Contempraine

Question 31

Define Le Corbusier’s idea of “a redent:”

Answer 31

linear extensions of multi-story communal housing

Question 32

Le Corbusier’s utopian city plan developed in the 1930s was named

Answer 32

Ville Radieuse

Question 33

List two design ideas incorporated in Ville Radieuse that were a direct response to the new battle techniques used in WW I:

Answer 33

lifts buildings off of ground – response to poison gas

spreading out of buildings – response to threat of aerial bombing

Question 34

Le Corbusier first used the all-glass wall in what project?

Answer 34

Centrosoyuz Headquarters

Question 35

List two important differences in the American city in 1960 between the actual International Style designs and the prediction of Bel Geddes in the 1939 GM Pavilion:

Answer 35

glass box over trees; buildings hold street edge

Question 36

The trademark image of the 1939 World’s Fair was the ______.

Answer 36

trylon and perisphere