3.3 Blood Collection Equipment, Additives, and Order of Draw

Question 1

Additive

Answer 1

Substance placed within a tube that prevents clotting and preserves blood components

Question 2

Anticoagulant

Answer 2

Substances that prevent blood from clotting

Question 3

Antiseptic

Answer 3

Substances used to prevent sepsis

Question 4

Bevel

Answer 4

End of the needle that pierces the vein

Question 5

Clot Activator

Answer 5

Substance to enhance coagulation in serum specimens

Question 6

Disinfectant

Answer 6

Used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments

Question 7

EDTA

Answer 7

Anticoagulant in lavender tubes
Binds to calcium and forms an insoluble salt

Question 8

Evacuated Tube System (ETS)

Answer 8

Patients blood flows through a needle inserted into a vein and directly into collection tube

Question 9

Evacuated Tube

Answer 9

Tubes used with the ETS method

Question 10

Gauge

Answer 10

Higher the gauge number; smaller the needle
Inverse relationship

Question 11

Glycolysis

Answer 11

The breakdown of glucose by blood cells

Question 12

Hub

Answer 12

Cylinder at the end of a needle that attaches to a collection device

Question 13

Lumen

Answer 13

Internal space of the needle

Question 14

Multi-Sample Needle

Answer 14

Needle allowing multiple tubes to be collected with one stick

Question 15

Order of Draw

Answer 15

Sequence of tube collection to minimize cross-contamination

Question 16

Shaft

Answer 16

Long cylindrical portion of a needle

Question 17

Sharps Container

Answer 17

Puncture resistant, leak proof container used to dispose needles

Question 18

SST

Answer 18

Serum separator tubes

Question 19

PST

Answer 19

Plasma Separator Tube

Question 20

Thixotropic Gel

Answer 20

Inert synthetic gel in ETS tubes that form a barrier between cells and serum/plasma when centrifuging

Question 21

Equipment Carriers

Answer 21

Makes blood collection portable

Question 22

Carts

Answer 22

Morning hospital rounds
Potential source of nosocomial infection

Question 23

How long is a tourniquet supposed to be on a patient?

Answer 23

No more than 1 minute

Question 24

What is sepsis?

Answer 24

Presence of microorganisms within the bloodstream

Question 25

What is the antiseptic used for blood collection?

Answer 25

Isopropyl alcohol

Question 26

What gauge needle is considered the standard for venipunctures?

Answer 26

21

Question 27

Why do we use butterfly collection sets?

Answer 27

Hand veins
Veins of elderly patients
Pediatric patients

Question 28

What is the size range for evacuated tubes?

Answer 28

1.8 to 15mL

Question 29

What is the most common reason for using an additive?

Answer 29

Prevent specimen from clotting

Question 30

Hoe do substances prevent blood from clotting?

Answer 30

Chelating
Inhibiting the formation of thrombin

Question 31

If a test requires whole blood or plasma…

Answer 31

It must be collected in a tube that contains anticoagulant

Question 32

What are the most common anticoagulants

Answer 32

EDTA
Citrates
Heparin
Oxalates

Question 33

Sodium Citrate

Answer 33

Most common citrate
Contains 9:1 ratio of blood to anticoagulant
Light blue stopper

Question 34

Heparin

Answer 34

Inhibits thrombin
used for STAT; can be performed on whole blood right away
Green top
Common for plasma and whole blood

Question 35

What are the three heparin formulations?

Answer 35

Ammonium
Sodium
Lithium

Question 36

Oxalates

Answer 36

Binds to calcium; insoluble salt
Potassium oxalate most common
used with glucose preservatives
Gray tops

Question 37

Sodium Fluoride

Answer 37

Most common antiglycolytic agent
preserves glucose; inhibits bacteria

Question 38

List the Order of Draw

Answer 38

Be careful Blood Cultures
Light Sodium Citrate
Red Serum
Stay SST
Put PST
Green Heparin
Lets EDTA
Go Potassium Oxalate