3.2.4 Cell Recognition Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is a Pathogen

A

a disease causing microorganism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are Antigens?

A

-proteins on the surface if a cell that is recognized as non-self by immune system and stimulate an immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are antigens found?

A

-Pathogens
-cells from other organisms
-abnormal body cells (tumors)
toxins from bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are Phagocytes?

A

type of white blood cells that are attracted by chemicals released by pathogens (or dead/damaged cells)
NON SPECIFIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does phagocytosis work?

A

1) ENDOCYTOSES, pathogen engulfed
2) PHAGOSOME FORMATION, vesicle
3) PHAGOSOME-LYSOSOME MERGE
4) break bacterial wall and reuse useful products
5) DEBRIS DIGESTION+ANTIGEN PRESENTATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the 2 types of Lymphocytes and where they mature

A

both produced by stem cells in bone marrow
-B CELLS mature in marrow
T CELLS mature in Thymus Gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T-Lymphocytes

A

mediated response

  • have receptors which respond to antigens
  • Helper T-Cells clones itself once attached to antigen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do Helper T Cells do?

A
  • develop into memory T Cells
  • stimulate phagocytosis
  • activate B Cells
  • causes Tc to kill infected cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do Cytotoxic T Cells kill bacteria?

A
  • release chemical cytokines (e.g. perforin which makes holes in cell membrane of bacteria)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

B-Lymphocytes (+how they clone)

A

humeral response
produce antibodies which cause AGGLUTINATION and act as MARKER for lymphocytes
-b cells take in antigens by endocytosis and present them on surface, once T-helper cells bind to them, b cells form clone CLONAL SELECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Antibody structure

A

2 heavy chains and 2 short chains
constant region binds to B-cell, variable region is SPECIFIC+COMPLIMENTARY to antigen of foreign cell
forms antigen-antibody complex when binds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly