3.2.1-3.2.2 Correlations

Question 1

what 2 things do correlations show?

Answer 1

strength and direction

Question 2

How are correlations displayed?

Answer 2

-scatter graph
-numerical values

Question 3

how is strength portrayed?

Answer 3

the closer the correlation is to 1 or -1, means the stronger it is

Question 4

how is a positive correlation portrayed?

Answer 4

diagonal upwards when both covariables increase together

Question 5

How is a negative correlation portrayed?

Answer 5

diagonal downwards when one covariable decreases while the other increases

Question 6

What is a directional hypothesis?

Answer 6

a prediction that specifies the expected direction

Question 7

What is a non directional hypothesis?

Answer 7

a prediction that doesn’t specify the expected direction

Question 8

How do you plot a scatter graph?

Answer 8

-dots used
-IV on x axis and DV on y axis, unless there is no IV/DV
-usually have line of best fit

Question 9

What does no correlation mean?

Answer 9

no relationship between the variables and correlation coefficient of 0

Question 10

Values required for a ‘strong’ correlation

Answer 10

0.5-1

Question 11

Values required for ‘medium’ correlation

Answer 11

0.3-0.49

Question 12

Values required for ‘weak’ correlation

Answer 12

value below 0.29

Question 13

Evaluate correlations (strengths)

Answer 13

-high ethics as there is no interference, uses readily available data
-good primary research technique as it can identify relationships to be studied more in depth

Question 14

Evaluate correlations (weaknesses)

Answer 14

-low validity due to use of self reported questionnaires and secondary data
-can’t establish cause and effect as it’s only correlational, may be indirect relationships such as stress, (smoking) and illness