3.2 SCULPTURE Flashcards
It is the creation of three-dimensional figures, forms or designs from a single block mass of materials
- Dictionary : “act, process, or art of carving, engraving, cutting, hewing, molding, and welding or constructing materials into statues, ornaments, or figures”
Sculpture
Types of sculpture
Sculpture in relief
Sculpture in the round
carving or molding which projects from the background plane and is usually attached to the wall or material.
Sculpture in relief
free standing sculpture that can be seen from all sides.
Sculpture in the round
Example of sculpture in relief
Orpheus and Eurydice
Design on coins (a bas relief or low relief)
Example of sculpture in the round
Michaelangelo’s “David.”
Two Sculptural Modelling Techniques
Subtractive
Additive
process of cutting away from a block of wood or stone and gradually revealing the desired shape
Subtractive
method of clay modeler who adds lumps of clay to a core and works out the desired shape
Additive
The two commonly used medium in sculpture
Stone and metal
Hard and durable, weather and fire resistant, but is heavy and breakable
Stone
Examples of stones:
Basalt ad diorite
Marble
Granite
Limestone
Stone:
Black and hard
Basalt and Diorite
Stone:
Finely0grained, with crystalline sparkle. It is used becaused of its high polish and translucence is the most beautiful
Marble
Stone:
Tough, coarse-grained but suitable for bold effects
Granite
Stone:
Soft but it does not make it well polished
Limestone
lighter, softer and cheaper, and easy to cut, but with the vanishing forests, it is now not readily available
Wood
which means “baked earth” is made by firing clay, as in pottery making. The clay is shaped, glazed and baked
Terra Cotta
solid and too expensive. In ancient times, bronze was the most commonly used metal, but is now replaced by forged iron, steel, aluminum and glass.
Bronze
Bronze disadvantage:
Intricate and difficult process of casting
Sculptural concepts
Pictorial sculpture
Sculpturesque sculpture
Built-up sculpture
the artist, like a painter, is more concerned with details than anything else
Pictorial sculpture
the artist is more concerned with the medium/materials used, its strength and solidity, its surface quality, and its tactile value.
Sculpturesque sculpture
the artist is not only much concerned with the medium/materials used but also with the details.
Built-up sculpture
Example of built-up sculpture
Pieta
The object presented
must be shown as belonging to the whole body.
The aesthetic sculpture requires that every statue
should be made of only one material
When more than one individual is presented, the _________________________________________, to give the artwork the projection of unity.
figure must be in contact with one another
When the primary purpose is beauty of the body, the ________________________________ The figure should preferably be partly or wholly undraped. If drapery is used, it should show the body underneath
pose should project grace, strength, and vigor.
The presentation of the inner life (i.e. mind or emotion) __________________________________________(i.e. human body). This is the reason for the inexpressive faces of statues made during the Greek’s Classical Period.
is subjected to the presentation of the physical beauty
As a general rule, the _____________________________, and not the old deformed or crippled
sculptor’s choice is the young
