3.2 NEW Flashcards
What is a prion?
An infectious protein that causes diseases by inducing normal proteins to convert into abnormal forms.
Describe a virus.
A nonliving, submicroscopic infective agent with an RNA or DNA core surrounded by a protein coat that requires a host cell to replicate
What is the difference between bacteria and protists
Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic organisms, while protists are unicellular eukaryotic organisms
What are platelets
Small, anucleate disk-like bodies in blood that assist in clotting
Define innate immunity
Non-specific immune defense mechanisms that people are born with.
What are antibodies?
Y-shaped proteins produced by B-lymphocytes that attach to antigens and slow pathogens for macrophages to consume
Name the three layers of the skin.
Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
What are lymph nodes?
Rounded masses of lymphoid tissue that filter lymph and contain lymphocytes to help fight infections
What do vaccines do?
Stimulate an immune response to create antibodies and provide immunity to specific infections.
How do viruses replicate?
They attach to a host cell, inject genetic material, use the host to replicate DNA, and release new virions.
What type of immunity involves antibodies passed from mother to child?
Passive acquired immunity
Which layer of skin produces new skin cells and provides skin color?
Epidermis
What is a symptom of septic shock?
Extremely low blood pressure unresponsive to IV fluids
Name two differences between innate and acquired immunity
Innate immunity is non-specific and present at birth, while acquired immunity is specific and developed over time
Describe the pathway of light through the eye
Cornea → Aqueous humor → Pupil → Lens → Vitreous humor → Retina → Optic nerve → Occipital lobe.
