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Physics AS Rafa > 3.2 Forces In Action > Flashcards

3.2 Forces In Action Flashcards

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1
Q

Newton’s second law.

A

F= ma

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2
Q

What are the four fundamental forces of nature?

A
  • gravitational force
  • electromagnetic force
  • weak interaction
  • strong interaction
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3
Q

Which is the weakest of the four fundamental forces?

A

Gravitational

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4
Q

What does the electromagnetic force do?

A

Holds atoms and molecules together.

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5
Q

How can the electromagnetic force be described?

A

The exchange of photons between charged particles of magnetic materials.

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6
Q

What is the weak interaction responsible for?

A

Radioactive decay.

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7
Q

What is the range of the weak interaction?

A

10-18m

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8
Q

What is the strong interaction responsible for?

A

Holding subatomic particles together.

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9
Q

What is the strongest fundamental force of nature?

A

The strong interaction.

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10
Q

What is the range of the strong interaction?

A

10-15m

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11
Q

What are the five main types of force we need to know about?

A

Tension, normal contact force, upthrust, friction and drag.

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12
Q

What is the equation for tension?

A

Tension = mass x acceleration.

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13
Q

What is upthrust?

A

The upwards force that a liquid or gas exerts on a body floating in it due to the water displaced.

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14
Q

When will an object move at terminal velocity?

A

When the magnitude of the body’s weight becomes equal to the sum of the drag and the upthrust and the resultant force is 0.

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15
Q

What is a fluid?

A

A liquid or a gas.

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16
Q

What is p in the equation for drag?

A

The density of the fluid.

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17
Q

What is A in the equation for drag?

A

The cross sectional area of the moving object

18
Q

What is v in the equation for drag?

A

Velocity of moving object.

19
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

When all the Coplanar forces are balanced.

20
Q

How can we work out the resultant of two forces acting on a body?

A
  • a scale drawing

- right angled vector triangle.

21
Q

What does a triangle of forces represent?

A

The direction and magnitude of three coplanar forces that are acting on an object in equilibrium.

22
Q

Equation for turning moment?

A

Magnitude of force (N) x perpendicular distance from a fixed point (m)

23
Q

Unit of turning moment?

A

N m

24
Q

Define moment of force or turning moment.

A

The product of the and perpendicular distance of its kind of action from the point or axis.

25
Q

What is the fancy name of the pivot?

A

Fulcrum

26
Q

Define the principle of moments.

A

For an object to in rotational equilibrium, the sum of the clockwise moments about a point must be the sum of the anti-clockwise moment about the same point.

27
Q

What are the two conditions for equilibrium?

A

1) resultant force on the objects must be 0

2) sum of clockwise = sum of anti-clockwise

28
Q

What is drag?

A

Friction force experienced by an object travelling through a fluid.

29
Q

What is Archimedes principle?

A

A law stating that a body totally or partially immersed in a fluid is subject to an upward force equal in magnitude to the weight of fluid it displaces.

30
Q

When does a couple occur?

A

When two equal, antiparallel forces act to produce rotation - no linear motion occurs.

31
Q

What is a torque?

A

The moment or turning effect of a couple

The product of one of the forces and the perpendicular distance between them

32
Q

What are the units of turning moment (torque)?

A

N m

33
Q

How do you calculate the turning moment produced by a couple?

A

One of the forces multiplied by their separation.

34
Q

What factors affect drag?

A

Cross sectional area

The density of the fluid

35
Q

What is the centre of mass?

A

The single point at which all of the mass of the object can be assumed to be situated.

36
Q

What happens if a forces acts directly on the centre of mass?

A

Move in a straight line.

37
Q

What happens if a force does not act on the centre of mass?

A

Move with an added rotational motion.

38
Q

What is the centre of gravity?

A

Single point through which the entire weight of the object can be thought to act.

39
Q

Define the Newton.

A

Force is 1N when 1kg of mass has an acceleration of 1ms-2

40
Q

Equation relating velocity and drag

A

Fd=kv^2

41
Q

Equation for pressure

A

Hpg

Physics AS Rafa (12 decks)

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