3.2 Flashcards
Fol identification systems are specified in the
5-9-1
The nato symbol for fuel is
NATO identification markings consist of what to identify fol products
Four pointed star
A letter and number code
The bjsd identification system consists of what
Two or more letters followed by a number
Marked next to a replenishmentpoint would be what identification markings
NATO code
NATO symbol
Bjsd
Identification of the correct fuel to be used can be found in five location
F700 As+rps Ac replenishment point Ac mm 591
The RNZAF uses one main type of aviation fuel. What is it
Aviation kerosene with two additional types utilised
Avtur fsII -bjsd
F34- nato code
What additives are used to improve the quality of kerosene based fuel in the RNZAF
Fuel system icing inhibitors-FSII
Anti static additive-ASA
What does FSII do
Prevents water in the fuel from freezing into ice crystals. Prevents microbiological growths
Sources of fuel
Tanker refuelling
Hydrant refuelling
Fuel bladder or cell used w pump and filter
Drum used w pump and filter
Personal dangers associated with avtur
Toxicity -oral: slight Aspiration: highly at room temp Inhalation:nil Eye: minimal Skin: minimal
Asphyxiation-vapours
Dermatitis-removes natural fats
Fuel contamination categories
Chemical and material
Types of chemical contamination
Inadvertent mixing of two or more hydrocarbon fuels or contact of another chemical with fuel
Biological contamination-maintenance procedures are inadequate or fuels installations are of interior design
Things to note with chemical contamination of fuel
Affects the chemical and physical properties of the fuel and is generally detected by laboratory testing
Prevented by isolating fuels, providing seperate handling systems and housekeeping procedures
Things to note with biological contamination of fuel
May causefuel to become corrosive with subsequent deterioration to fuel sys.
Controlled by Base fuel quality control personel with careful sampling
Material contamination consists usually of what
Water, emulsions and sediments
Water contamination has how many forms and what are they
Dissolved water-small % is absorbed by the fuel and is not visible. Has no effect on Ac fuel sys. Unless precipitated out by cooling Which causes ice to form on components
Free water-large droplets which cling to the side
Entrained water-very fine cloud like droplets. Usually settles at the bottoms of the tank.
What are emulsions
Liquids suspended in other liquids
Interface of emulsions in highly contaminated systems looks like
Thick brown black mayonnaise like matter
Notes about sedimental material contamination
Sourced from tanks, pipes, hoses or containers which store it.
Micronic filters are included with a coalescer fitted to all RNZAF fuel installations, dispensing vehicles and stationary equipment
Fuel quality control checks are done where and how
Ac- prior to first flight of day, sampled from all drain points and each sample individually checked
Supply/source-refuelling section on each Base responsible for control checks every time fuels delivered to Base. Every morning fuel is stored in tanks and every morning on any dispensing equipment
Fuelling methods
Gravity-over wing/open line
Pressure
Hot
Defuellig methods
Gravity
Filter cap-suction hose, fuel tank drain points, specific defuel cocks
Pressurised
Using the refuelling coupling
Occasions when refuelling defuelling of Ac is not permitted
During electrical storms that are closer than 5km
With the propulsion engines running (exception:hot refuelling)
If the Ac has unsafe armament equipment fitted
When oxygen systems are being replenished
When refuelling through open orifice systems during dust/sand storms
When refuelling through open orifice systems with other Ac being run at high Power nearby
When he radar equipment or Hf radio is being operated within 30m of fuelling zone
Safety precaution/hazard control for ground mechanical equipment
Vehicles other than those engaged in Ac servicing functions aren’t permitted to approach Within 20m
Not parked under wings while fuelling is in progress
High vehicle maintenance for internal combustion equipment to prevent arcing across electrical terminals, electrical short circuits and emission of sparks causing backfire
Responsibilities of pers refuel de fuel
Fire extinguisher Correct fuel Remove caps/drain plugs Serviceable bonding point/bonded nozzle Replenishment iaw rp Ensure air escape via fuel tank vents Serviceability/refit of caps/drain plugs For hydrant refuels at other than RNZAF facilities, ensure a 1lt sample is drawn from hydrant or filter/water separator sump at completion of refuel. “Bright clear water free” Sign RNZAF157 for fuel received/supplied Enter in 700
Sequence of bonding for refuel defuel Ac with tanker
Earth to Ac
Tanker to same earthing point
Tanker to Ac
Pers involved to touch an earth conductor to themselves to discharge static
Connect tanker hose bonding plug/clamp to a point adjacent to Ac fuelling point
Open inlet of fuel point
Disconnect in reverse order
Fuel sample procedure
Clear glass bottle of 1lt capacity. Specific to Ac type
Pulse when taking sample to ensure a vortex isn’t created
Vortex sample.
Examine- clear bright free from sediment, suspended matter and Undissolved water
If first sample is contaminated take another, not pulsed.
Dissolved water check procedure
Hydro fuel test kit used. Shell water test used by RNZAF
At the conclusion of test wet capsule, ensure it turns green/blue
Admin for refuel defuel
RNZAF 157
RNZAF 700
Fuel spillage ????!! What do
Restrict movement in spillage area
Prevent sparks
Treatment of spillage
Prevent ingress of fuel into sewer drain
