3.2

Question 1

What are the two types of employment?

Answer 1

Informal and Formal

Question 2

What is formal employment? + example

Answer 2

Officially recognised, workers are protected by country. Rules about how many hours people can work, what age they can work, health and safety. Workers pay tax to government out of wages. E.g banker

Question 3

What is informal employment? + example

Answer 3

Unofficial, jobs aren’t taxed or regulated by government. People often work long hours, dangerous conditions and little pay. E.g. Street seller

Question 4

What are the 4 different economic sectors?

Answer 4

Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

Question 5

What is the primary sector? + example

Answer 5

Involves collecting raw materials e.g. Fishing, farming

Question 6

What is the secondary sector? + example

Answer 6

Involves turning one product into another (manufacturing) e.g. Textiles, furniture

Question 7

What is the tertiary sector? + example

Answer 7

Involves providing a service, e.g. nursing, police force

Question 8

What is the quaternary sector? + example

Answer 8

Is the information economy e.g. Research and development, IT industry.

Question 9

Developing countries employment (informal or formal) and working conditions

Answer 9

Many workers are employed in the informal sector.

Conditions are poor and dangerous, hours are long, pay is low.

Question 10

Emerging countries employment (informal or formal) and working conditions

Answer 10

Number of workers in informal sector decreases as country develops.

Conditions improve and workers’ rights increase

Question 11

Developed countries employment (informal or formal) and working conditions

Answer 11

Few workers in the informal sector, majority in formal.

Conditions are good, pay is high, workers have rights so protected by law.

Question 12

Developing countries’ economic sectors

Answer 12

Lots of people in low skilled primary jobs e.g. Market stalls

Few people in secondary, not enough money to for technology needed e.g. Large factories

Small percentage in tertiary e.g. Government offices or IT

Question 13

Emerging countries’ economic sectors

Answer 13

Employment high in secondary, established industrial zones with good infrastructure.

Lots of low skilled tertiary e.g tourism, retail
Industrial industry grows, people spend more on high skilled servies e.g. Medicine or law

Question 14

Developed countries’ economic sector

Answer 14

Fewer people in secondary than emerging countries.

Most people in high skilled tertiary(educated workforce), high demand for services such as banks and shops

Some employment in quaternary, country has lots of high skilled labour, has money to invest in research.