3.1a

Question 0

Congressional campaign committee

Answer 0

A party committee in Congress that provides funds to members and would-be members

Question 1

Caucus

Answer 1

A meeting of party members to select delegates backing one or another primary candidate

Question 2

Critical or realignment period

Answer 2

Period when a major, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties

Question 3

Ideological party

Answer 3

A party that values principled stands on issues above all else

Question 4

Mugwumps (progressives)

Answer 4

Republican Party faction of the 1890s to the 1910s, composed of reformers who opposed patronage

Question 5

National chairman

Answer 5

Day to day party manager; elected by the national committee

Question 6

National committee

Answer 6

Delegates who run party affairs between national conventions

Question 7

National convention

Answer 7

A meeting of party delegates held every four years

Question 8

Office-bloc ballet

Answer 8

A ballot listing all candidates of a given office under the name of that office; also called a “Massachusetts” ballot

Question 9

Party-column ballot

Answer 9

A ballot listing all candidates of a given party together under the name of that party; also called an “Indian” ballot

Question 10

Personal following

Answer 10

The political support provided to a candidate on the basis of personal popularity and networks

Question 11

Plurality system

Answer 11

An electoral system in which the winner is the person who gets the most votes, even if he or she does not receive a majority; used in almost all American elections

Question 12

Political machine

Answer 12

A party organization that includes members by dispensing patronage

Question 13

Political party

Answer 13

A group that seeks to elect candidates to public office

Question 14

Solidary incentive

Answer 14

The social rewards (sense of pleasure, status, or companionship) that lead people to join political organizations

Question 15

Split ticket

Answer 15

Voting for candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election

Question 16

Sponsored party

Answer 16

A local or state political party that is largely supported by another organization in the community

Question 17

Straight ticket

Answer 17

Voting for candidates who are all of the same party

Question 18

Super delegate

Answer 18

Party leader or elected official who becomes a delegate to the national convention without having to run in primaries or caucuses

Question 19

Two-party system

Answer 19

Electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections

Question 20

Linkage institutions

Answer 20

Interest groups, the media, elections, and political parties

-Needed in any country with a population large enough to form a representative democracy

Ex- parties (Connect people in a large democracy to the government)

Question 21

Political efficacy

Answer 21

Party ideology and organization increase ___________ by helping citizens to make sense of government decisions and process and to feel that the government listens to them

Question 22

Winner take all (pluralist) electoral system

Answer 22

Single most important reason for two-party system

The winner in American elections is the one who receives the largest number of votes in each voting district

Question 23

Proportional representation

Answer 23

Percentage of votes for a party’s candidate is directly applied as the percentage of representatives in the legislature

Question 24

Realignment

Answer 24

Shifts in voting population causing change of Democratic or Republican era

Occur because issues change, and new schisms form between groups

Question 25

Democratic Republicans

Answer 25

Anti-Federalists led by Thomas Jefferson

Only party during “Era of good feeling”

Question 26

Whigs

Answer 26

Party who represented many of the interests of the old Federalist party

Non-ideological coherent party

Question 27

Democratic Party INCOMPLETE

Answer 27

Formed by rural, antibank, small farmers from the south and west

Question 28

Roosevelt coalition

Answer 28

For voting:
A combination of many different groups that wished to see Herbert Hoover defeated
Composed of eastern workers, southern and western farmers, blacks, and the ideologically liberal

Question 29

Divided government

Answer 29

New balance of power between the Democrats and Republicans with Richard Nixon’s election

Control of the legislature and the presidency has been “divided” between the two major political parties

When one party holds the presidency, the other has dominated Congress, or at least the Senate

Question 30

Gridlock

Answer 30

The tendency to paralyze decision-making

with one branch advocating one policy and the other another, contradicting policy

Question 31

McGovern-Fraser Commission

Answer 31

Appointed by the Democratic Party to review the party structure and delegate selection procedures

Question 32

Minor / third parties

Answer 32

Two categories:
Those dominated by an individual personality
Those organized around a long-lasting goal or ideology (abolitionists)

Question 33

Populist party

Answer 33

First represented the interests of farmers, but was responsible for wide-ranging democratic reforms
HOWEVER
Their goals were adopted by a major party, deferring to the “winner take all,” or pluralist system, that supports a two party system

Question 34

Dealignment

Answer 34

“Independents”
People who do not favor a party
They are in the middle

Question 35

Laissez faire

Answer 35

A policy that advocated the free-market and few government regulations on business

Means “to leave alone”

Was the old philosophy of the Jacksonian farmers, who wanted government to allow them to make their own prosperity

Question 36

“Era of Good Feeling”

Answer 36

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Question 37

Democratic-Republicans

Answer 37

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