3.1.8 - inorganic ions

Question 1

what are ions?

Answer 1

an atom or group of atoms with a charge

Question 2

what is the name for a positive ion?

Answer 2

cation

Question 3

what is the name for a negative ion?

Answer 3

anion

Question 4

what is an inorganic ion?

Answer 4

one that doesn’t contain carbon although there are a few exceptions

Question 5

where may you find inorganic ions?

Answer 5

in solution in the cytoplasm of cells and in the body fluids of organisms

Question 6

ions roles

Answer 6

each ion has a specific role depending on its properties
an ions role determines whether it is found in high or low concentrations

Question 7

iron ions in haemoglobin:
haemoglobin job

Answer 7

haemoglobin is a large protein that carries oxygen around the body, in the red blood cells

Question 8

iron ions in haemoglobin:
what is haemoglobin made up of?

Answer 8

it’s made up of 4 different polypeptide chains, each with a 2+ iron ion in the centre

Question 9

iron ions in haemoglobin:
role of the iron ions

Answer 9

the Fe2+ binds to the oxygen in haemoglobin. when oxygen is bound , the Fe”+ ion temporarily becomes an Fe3+ ion, until oxygen is released

Question 10

hydrogen ions

Answer 10

pH is calculated based on the concentration of H+ ions in the environment
- more H+ ions=lower pH, more acidic

Question 11

sodium ions

Answer 11

a molecule of glucose or an amino acid can be transported into a cell across the cell surface membrane alongside Na+ ions co-transport)

Question 12

phosphate ions

Answer 12

when a phosphate ion (PO4 3+) is attached to another molecule, it’s known as a phosphate group. DNA/RNA/ATP all have phosphate groups

Question 13

phosphate ions in ATP

Answer 13

it’s the bonds between phosphate groups that store energy in ATP

Question 14

phosphate ions in DNA/RNA

Answer 14

the phosphate groups in DNA and RNA allow nucleotides to join up to form the polynucleotides