3.1.5.1 Nucleic Acid Structure

Question 1

What is a mononucleotide of DNA made up of?

Answer 1

-pentose sugar
-nitrogenous base
-phosphate group

Question 2

Mononucleotide + mononucleotide =

Answer 2

nucleic acid

Question 3

What type of reaction is the joining of 2 mononucleotides?

Answer 3

condensation reaction

Question 4

What bond is formed between mononucleotides?

Answer 4

phosphodiester bond

Question 5

DNA is a polymer of…

Answer 5

nucleotides

Question 6

What does the sugar phosphate backbone do?

Answer 6

protects sequence of bases (genetic info)

Question 7

DNA: Stable structure means that…

Answer 7

it can pass from generation to generation without changing

Question 8

DNA: has 2 strands meaning…

Answer 8

H bonds allows strands to be separated so code can be read and copied in protein synthesis

Question 9

DNA: large so can…

Answer 9

carry lots of information

Question 10

DNA: bases protected so…

Answer 10

genetic code is protected from chemicals and physical dangers

Question 10

Function of mRNA

Answer 10

transfers genetic info from DNA to ribosomes

Question 10

Function of tRNA

Answer 10

transfers specific amino acids to ribosomes to form a polypeptide

Question 11

Function of rRNA

Answer 11

forms ribosomes

Question 12

What is meant by the term ‘homologous’ chromosomes?

Answer 12

-same genes
-same loci
-different alleles

Question 13

What is an allele?

Answer 13

an alternative version of a gene

Question 14

Why are alleles different?

Answer 14

have a different sequence of bases