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3. GI (Anatomy) > 3.1.4 The Large Intestine > Flashcards

3.1.4 The Large Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

How can the Large Intestine be distinguished from the small intestine?

A
  1. Teniae Coli
  2. Fatty Omental Appendicies
  3. Haustra
  4. Villi Absent from the Mucosa
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2
Q

What is the Teniae Coli?

A

They are 3 Bands of Longitudinal Smooth Muscle which runs down the entire Colon

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3
Q

What is the function of the Teniae Coli?

A

To contract lengthwise to produce the Haustra

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4
Q

What are the Fatty Omental Appendicies?

A

Small Pouches, extending into the Peritoneum, which are filled with Fatty Tissue

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5
Q

What are the Haustra?

A

These are Sacculations between the Teniae

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6
Q

How is the Caecum Peritonised?

A

It is Intraperitoneal

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7
Q

How is the Ascending Colon Peritonised?

A

It is Retroperitoneal

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8
Q

How is the Transverse Colon Peritonised?

A

It is Intraperitoneal

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9
Q

How is the Descending Colon Peritonised?

A

It is Retroperitoneal

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10
Q

How is the Sigmoid Colon Peritonised?

A

It is Intraperitoneal

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11
Q

How is the Appendix Peritonised?

A

It is Intraperitoneal

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12
Q

What is the Midgut / Hindgut Boundary?

A

2/3 of the way along the Transverse Colon

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13
Q

Which artery supplies the Midgut?

A

The Superior Mesenteric Artery

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14
Q

Which artery supplies the Hindgut?

A

The Inferior Mesenteric Artery

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15
Q

Which Abdominal Region is the Appendix Located in?

A

The Right Inguinal (Iliac) Region

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16
Q

What are the 2 flexures found on the Colon

A
  1. The Right Hepatic (Colic) Flexure
  2. The Left Splenic (Colic) Flexure
17
Q

What is the name of the Orifice / Valve which connects the Caecum and the Ileum?

A

The Ileocecal Orifice / Valve

18
Q

Which 2 structures open into the cavity of the Caecum?

A
  1. The Ileum
  2. The Appendix
19
Q

Where is the Base of the Appendix located?

A

At the base of the Caecum

20
Q

Where is the Tail of the Appendix located?

A

It is variable:
64% directly posterior to the Caecum
32% Directly inferior to the Caecum

21
Q

What is McBurney’s Point? And why is it Clinically Useful?

A

1/3 of the distance from the Right Superior Iliac Spine to the Umbilicus
Where the pain is referred in Appendicitis

3. GI (Anatomy) (26 decks)

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