3.1.4 Properties of Acids & Bases

Question 1

Is an acid a proton (hydrogen ion) donor?

Answer 1

yes, they can act as proton donors

Question 2

what makes an acid monoprotic or polyprotic?

Answer 2

the number of protons donated by each molecule of the acid
- only 1 H+ = monoprotic
- more than 1H+ = polyprotic

Question 3

what makes a strong acid?

Answer 3

• completely dissociates/ionises
• i.e. the acid (HA) completely splits into H+ and A- ions

Question 4

what makes a weak acid?

Answer 4

• partially dissociates/ionises
• i.e. HB (acid) molecules are not all split, so some will form H+ and B- while others will stay as HB

Question 5

what is the difference between concentrated and dilute?

Answer 5

concentrated: high molarity (lots of H+ and NO3- for strong acid) OR (lots of CH3COO- and CH3COOH for weak acid)

**dilute: **low molarity (only a few H+ and NO3- for strong acid) OR (only a few CH3COO- and CH3COOH for weak acid)

Question 6

recall the neutralisation reaction (acid/base reaction)

Answer 6

Acid + base –> Salt + water

Question 7

what is the neutralisation reaction used for?

Answer 7

• determining the concentration of either the acid or base

Question 8

Recall the acid reaction with metals

Answer 8

Acid + metal –> Salt + Hydrogen gas

Question 9

what is the acid reaction with metals equation used for?

Answer 9

• to help order metals based on their reactivity
• the more reactive a metal the lower concentration acid it will react in

Question 10

Recall the acid reaction with metal carbonates

Answer 10

Acid + Metal Carbonate –> Salt + water + Carbon Dioxide

Question 11

what is the acid reactions with metal carbonate used for?

Answer 11

• to help us understand problems associated with acid rain