3.1.3 Lipids Flashcards
What are the two groups of lipids?
Triglycerides and Phospholipids
How are triglycerides formed?
Triglycerides are formed by the condensation of one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid.
What type of bond is formed between a glycerol molecule and a fatty acid molecule?
An Ester Bond
How are phospholipids formed?
Phospholipids are formed by the condensation of one molecule of glycerol and two molecules of fatty acid and a phosphate.
What are the differences between a triglyceride and a phospholipid?
A Triglyceride has 3 molecules of fatty acids whilst a phospholipid only has 2 molecules of fatty acids.
A Phospholipid contains a phosphate attached to the glycerol molecule and a Triglyceride does not have a phosphate.
A Triglyceride is a non-polar molecule meaning it is insoluble in water but a phospholipid is a polar molecule and partially soluble in water.
What is an unsaturated fatty acid?
Unsaturated fatty have at least one double bond between carbons. They are hydrocarbons in which one or more carbons are bonded to each other through either double or triple bonds, or a combination of both, in addition to single bonds.
What is a saturated fatty acid?
Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbons. They are hydrocarbons in which all the carbons are bonded to each other via a single bond. There is the maximum number of hydrogens for a given number of carbons.
How do you test for lipids?
Using the emulsion test for fats
