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alimentary anatomy > 3.1.2 The Stomach > Flashcards

3.1.2 The Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Stomach?

A

A muscular bag, which is the widest and most distensible part of the alimentary system.

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2
Q

What are the 2 Orifices of the Stomach?

A
  1. The Cardial Orifice

2. The Pyloric Orifice

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3
Q

What are the 2 Curvatures of the Stomach?

A
  1. The Greater Curvature of the Stomach

2. The Lesser Curvature of the Stomach

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4
Q

What are the 2 Surfaces of the Stomach?

A
  1. The Anterior Surface of the Stomach

2. The Posterior Surface of the Stomach

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5
Q

What are the 4 main parts of the Stomach?

Superior to Inferior

A
  1. The Fundus
  2. The Body
  3. The (Pyloric) Antrum
  4. The Pyloric Canal
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6
Q

Is the Greater Curvature of the Stomach on the superior or the inferior surface?

A

The Inferior

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7
Q

Is the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach on the superior or the inferior surface?

A

The Superior

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8
Q

What does the Cardial Orifice connect the Stomach to?

A

The Oesophagus

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9
Q

What does the Pyloric Orifice connect the Stomach to?

A

The Duodenum

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10
Q

What is the Pyloric Sphincter?

A

A thickening of the Circular Layer of the Smooth Muscle, at the junction between the Pylorus and the Duodenum

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11
Q

What is the function of the Pyloric Sphincter?

A

To control the discharge of the Stomach contents into the Duodenum

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12
Q

What is an example of a congenital condition which affects the Pyloric Sphincter?

A

Congenital Pyloric Stenosis

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13
Q

Is the Stomach suspended between 2 other abdominal organs?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Where does the Lesser Omentum extend from / to?

A

From - The Lesser Curvature of the Stomach

To - The Liver

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15
Q

Where does the Greater Omentum extend from / to?

A

From - The Greater Curvature of the Stomach

To - The Transverse Colon

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16
Q

What are the Gastric Folds (Rugae) formed from?

A

The Gastric Mucosa

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17
Q

What is the function of the Gastric Folds (Rugae)?

A

To provide the stomach with an increased surface area, so it can increase in volume (stretch) with increased pressure - e.g. after eating a meal

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18
Q

In which 2 portions of the Stomach are the Gastric Folds most apparent?

A
  1. The Pyloric Antrum

2. Along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach

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19
Q

What forms the Stomach Bed?

A
  1. The Left Dome of the Diaphragm
  2. The Pancreas
  3. The Spleen
  4. The Splenic Artery
  5. The Left Kidney
  6. The Left Suprarenal Gland
  7. The Transverse Colon / Mesocolon
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20
Q

Which artery comes off the Abdominal Aorta to supply the Stomach?

A

The Coeliac Trunk

21
Q

What does the Coeliac Trunk divide into?

Left to Right

A
  1. The Left Gastric Artery
  2. The Splenic Artery
  3. The Gastroduodenal Artery
  4. The Proper Hepatic Artery
22
Q

Where does the Left Gastric Artery run?

A

Along the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach

23
Q

What does the Left Gastric Artery go on to form as it runs along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach?

A

The Right Gastric Artery

24
Q

What does the Right Gastric Artery anastomose with?

A

The Proper Hepatic Artery

25
Where does the Splenic Artery run?
Superior to the pancreas
26
What branch does the Splenic Artery give off?
1. The Posterior Gastric Artery | 2. The Short Gastric Arteries
27
What do the Posterior and Short Gastric Arteries supply?
The Posterior Fundus and Body of the Stomach
28
Where does the Gastroduodenal Artery run?
Posterior to the Pyloric Canal
29
What arteries does the Gastroduodenal Artery form off as it bifurcates? (left to right)
1. The Right Gastro-Omental Artery | 2. The Superior Pancreatoduodenal Artery
30
Where does the Right Gastro-Omental Artery run?
Along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach
31
What does the Right Gastro-Omental Artery go on to form as it runs along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach?
The Left Gastro-Omental Artery
32
What does the Left Gastro-Omental Artery anastomose with?
The Splenic Artery
33
Where does the Proper Hepatic Artery run?
Up towards the Liver
34
What is the Venous Drainage of the stomach via?
The Hepatic Portal System
35
What 3 Veins form the Hepatic Portal Vein?
1. The Splenic Vein 2. The Superior Mesenteric Vein 3. The Inferior Mesenteric Vein
36
Which 2 Veins fuse posterior the Body of the Stomach?
1. The Splenic Vein | 2. The Inferior Mesenteric Vein
37
Which Vein fuses with the (combination of the) Splenic Vein and the Inferior Mesenteric Vein, to form the Hepatic Portal Vein?
The Superior Mesenteric Vein
38
Where is the Hepatic Portal Vein formed?
Posterior to the Pyloric Sphincter
39
What are the 4 groups of Lymph Nodes which drain the Stomach?
1. The Gastric Lymph Nodes 2. The Pancreatosplenic Lymph Nodes 3. The Gastro-Omental Lymph Nodes 4. The Pyloric Lymph Nodes
40
Where do the Gastric Lymph Nodes lie?
On the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach
41
Where do the Pancreatosplenic Lymph Nodes lie?
On the Posterior Wall of the Stomach
42
Where do the Gastro-Omental Lymph Nodes lie?
On the Greater Curvature of the Stomach
43
Where do the Pyloric Lymph Nodes lie?
Over the Plyoric Canal / Sphincter
44
Where to all of the Lymph Nodes which drain the stomach drain to?
The Coeliac Lymph Nodes
45
What nerve is key in controlling Gastric Motility?
The Vagus Nerve
46
What is the Vagus Nerves actions on the Pylorus?
This increases the frequency of the sphincter opening
47
What is the Vagus Nerves actions on the Gastric Secretions?
They Increase
48
What are the 3 Veins which drain the Stomach into the Splenic / Inferior Mesenteric Vein?
1. The Right Gastric Vein 2. The Right Gastro-Omental Vein 3. The Short Gastric Veins

alimentary anatomy (21 decks)

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