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alimentary anatomy > 3.1.2 The Stomach > Flashcards

3.1.2 The Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Stomach?

A

A muscular bag, which is the widest and most distensible part of the alimentary system.

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2
Q

What are the 2 Orifices of the Stomach?

A
  1. The Cardial Orifice

2. The Pyloric Orifice

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3
Q

What are the 2 Curvatures of the Stomach?

A
  1. The Greater Curvature of the Stomach

2. The Lesser Curvature of the Stomach

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4
Q

What are the 2 Surfaces of the Stomach?

A
  1. The Anterior Surface of the Stomach

2. The Posterior Surface of the Stomach

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5
Q

What are the 4 main parts of the Stomach?

Superior to Inferior

A
  1. The Fundus
  2. The Body
  3. The (Pyloric) Antrum
  4. The Pyloric Canal
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6
Q

Is the Greater Curvature of the Stomach on the superior or the inferior surface?

A

The Inferior

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7
Q

Is the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach on the superior or the inferior surface?

A

The Superior

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8
Q

What does the Cardial Orifice connect the Stomach to?

A

The Oesophagus

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9
Q

What does the Pyloric Orifice connect the Stomach to?

A

The Duodenum

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10
Q

What is the Pyloric Sphincter?

A

A thickening of the Circular Layer of the Smooth Muscle, at the junction between the Pylorus and the Duodenum

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11
Q

What is the function of the Pyloric Sphincter?

A

To control the discharge of the Stomach contents into the Duodenum

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12
Q

What is an example of a congenital condition which affects the Pyloric Sphincter?

A

Congenital Pyloric Stenosis

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13
Q

Is the Stomach suspended between 2 other abdominal organs?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Where does the Lesser Omentum extend from / to?

A

From - The Lesser Curvature of the Stomach

To - The Liver

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15
Q

Where does the Greater Omentum extend from / to?

A

From - The Greater Curvature of the Stomach

To - The Transverse Colon

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16
Q

What are the Gastric Folds (Rugae) formed from?

A

The Gastric Mucosa

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17
Q

What is the function of the Gastric Folds (Rugae)?

A

To provide the stomach with an increased surface area, so it can increase in volume (stretch) with increased pressure - e.g. after eating a meal

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18
Q

In which 2 portions of the Stomach are the Gastric Folds most apparent?

A
  1. The Pyloric Antrum

2. Along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach

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19
Q

What forms the Stomach Bed?

A
  1. The Left Dome of the Diaphragm
  2. The Pancreas
  3. The Spleen
  4. The Splenic Artery
  5. The Left Kidney
  6. The Left Suprarenal Gland
  7. The Transverse Colon / Mesocolon
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20
Q

Which artery comes off the Abdominal Aorta to supply the Stomach?

A

The Coeliac Trunk

21
Q

What does the Coeliac Trunk divide into?

Left to Right

A
  1. The Left Gastric Artery
  2. The Splenic Artery
  3. The Gastroduodenal Artery
  4. The Proper Hepatic Artery
22
Q

Where does the Left Gastric Artery run?

A

Along the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach

23
Q

What does the Left Gastric Artery go on to form as it runs along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach?

A

The Right Gastric Artery

24
Q

What does the Right Gastric Artery anastomose with?

A

The Proper Hepatic Artery

25
Q

Where does the Splenic Artery run?

A

Superior to the pancreas

26
Q

What branch does the Splenic Artery give off?

A
  1. The Posterior Gastric Artery

2. The Short Gastric Arteries

27
Q

What do the Posterior and Short Gastric Arteries supply?

A

The Posterior Fundus and Body of the Stomach

28
Q

Where does the Gastroduodenal Artery run?

A

Posterior to the Pyloric Canal

29
Q

What arteries does the Gastroduodenal Artery form off as it bifurcates?
(left to right)

A
  1. The Right Gastro-Omental Artery

2. The Superior Pancreatoduodenal Artery

30
Q

Where does the Right Gastro-Omental Artery run?

A

Along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach

31
Q

What does the Right Gastro-Omental Artery go on to form as it runs along the Greater Curvature of the Stomach?

A

The Left Gastro-Omental Artery

32
Q

What does the Left Gastro-Omental Artery anastomose with?

A

The Splenic Artery

33
Q

Where does the Proper Hepatic Artery run?

A

Up towards the Liver

34
Q

What is the Venous Drainage of the stomach via?

A

The Hepatic Portal System

35
Q

What 3 Veins form the Hepatic Portal Vein?

A
  1. The Splenic Vein
  2. The Superior Mesenteric Vein
  3. The Inferior Mesenteric Vein
36
Q

Which 2 Veins fuse posterior the Body of the Stomach?

A
  1. The Splenic Vein

2. The Inferior Mesenteric Vein

37
Q

Which Vein fuses with the (combination of the) Splenic Vein and the Inferior Mesenteric Vein, to form the Hepatic Portal Vein?

A

The Superior Mesenteric Vein

38
Q

Where is the Hepatic Portal Vein formed?

A

Posterior to the Pyloric Sphincter

39
Q

What are the 4 groups of Lymph Nodes which drain the Stomach?

A
  1. The Gastric Lymph Nodes
  2. The Pancreatosplenic Lymph Nodes
  3. The Gastro-Omental Lymph Nodes
  4. The Pyloric Lymph Nodes
40
Q

Where do the Gastric Lymph Nodes lie?

A

On the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach

41
Q

Where do the Pancreatosplenic Lymph Nodes lie?

A

On the Posterior Wall of the Stomach

42
Q

Where do the Gastro-Omental Lymph Nodes lie?

A

On the Greater Curvature of the Stomach

43
Q

Where do the Pyloric Lymph Nodes lie?

A

Over the Plyoric Canal / Sphincter

44
Q

Where to all of the Lymph Nodes which drain the stomach drain to?

A

The Coeliac Lymph Nodes

45
Q

What nerve is key in controlling Gastric Motility?

A

The Vagus Nerve

46
Q

What is the Vagus Nerves actions on the Pylorus?

A

This increases the frequency of the sphincter opening

47
Q

What is the Vagus Nerves actions on the Gastric Secretions?

A

They Increase

48
Q

What are the 3 Veins which drain the Stomach into the Splenic / Inferior Mesenteric Vein?

A
  1. The Right Gastric Vein
  2. The Right Gastro-Omental Vein
  3. The Short Gastric Veins

alimentary anatomy (21 decks)

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