3.11 ATP and ADP Flashcards
ATP
1
Q
State what cells require energy for
A
- Transport
- Synthesis
- Movement
2
Q
State briefly what ATP is used for
A
Used for energy transfer in all cells of all living things. Known as ‘universal energy currency’
3
Q
Structure of ATP
A
- Nitrogenous base (adenine)
- Ribose pentose sugar
- 3 phosphate group
4
Q
Explain how ATP releases energy
A
- Energy is needed to BREAK bonds and is released when bonds are FORMED
- A small amount of energy is needed to break weak covalent bond holding last phosphate group in ATP
= However, large amount of energy released when freed phosphate undergoes other reaction including bond formation
5
Q
Approximately how much energy when ATP is hydrolysed
A
30kJ/mol
6
Q
State the equation for hydrolysis of ATP
A
ATP + water -> ADP + Pi + energy
7
Q
What molecules are formed when ATP is hydrolysed
A
Adenosine Diphosphate + Inorganic Phosphate
8
Q
What enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP
A
ATP hydrolase
9
Q
Describe ways in which ATP is a suitable energy source in living organisms
A
- releases small amounts of energy OR little energy is lost as heat
- releases energy immediately OR is broken down in one step
- phosphorylates other compounds to make them more reactive
- can be rapidly resynthesised
- does not leave cells
