3.1.1-Atomic Structure Fundamental Particles Flashcards
What is an atom that has gained electrons so that there are more electrons than protons called?
Anion
What is the key difference between the Thompson’s model and Bohr’s model?
The Bohr model has:
A small positive nucleus
The electrons surround the nucleus in energy shells
Describe the Bohr Model
- Protons and neutrons are found in the centre of the atom called the nucleus.
- Protons and neutrons can also be called nucleons.
- Electrons orbit around the nucleus in shells or energy levels.
Describe the plum pudding model.
The plum pudding model has electrons surrounded by a volume of positive charge, like negatively charged “plums” embedded in a positively charged “pudding”
What is ‘atomic number’?
The atomic number is equal to the number of protons
Describe Rutherford’s experiment.
Rutherford fired He2+ ions at a sheet of gold foil.
When most He2+ ions passed through he concluded that most of the atom as empty space.
A very small number of the He2+ ions were repelled.
He concluded that the atom must have a small positive nucleus.
How do you work out the number of neutrons in an atom?
Mass number - Atomic number
Why do isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties?
They have the same electron configuration.
What are the three subatomic particles and their relative charge?
Proton 1+
Neutron 0
Electron 1-
What is an anion?
An atom that has gained electrons so that there are more electrons than protons.
Rutherford fired He 2+ ions at a gold sheet. What did he observe at point P?
When the He2+ ions arrived at point P he concluded that most of the atom as empty space.
Rutherford fired He 2+ ions at a gold sheet. A very small number of the He2+ ions where detected at point Q. What did this show?
He concluded that the atom must have a small positive nucleus.
What is the relative mass for an electron?
1/1840
What charge does an atom have?
Neutral
The relative mass is 1 for which subatomic particle(s)?
Proton and Neutron
