3.11 Amines Flashcards

1
Q

what is an aliphatic amine?

A
  • R group attached is an alkyl group
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is an aromatic amine?

A
  • contains an aryl group ( benzene or phenyl )
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how do you name amines

A
  • use longest chain name + amine suffix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how would you name CH3NH2

A

methyl amine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how would you name CH3CH2NH2

A

ethyl amine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how would you name CH3NHCH3

A

dimethylamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

give the conditions, type of reaction for reaction of halogenoalkanes with ammonia

A
  • nucleophilic substitution
  • excess, hot ethanolic ammonia under pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how can you prepare an amine from reduction of nitriles?

A

using LiAlH4 or Ni catalyst

4 [H] per C=N bond

2H2 per C=N bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

give the first reaction and conditions for preparation of phenyl amine

A
  • benzene undergoes nitration
  • conc nitric acid and conc h2so4
  • 25-60 degrees
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

give the reaction and conditions for second step of preparation of phenylbenzene

A
  • reduction of nitrobenzene with hot tin and conc HCl under reflux to form acidic mixture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the basic properties of amines

A
  • NH3 can accept a proton, acting as an acid
  • they can act as bases by donating a lone pair of electrons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the last step for preparation of phenyl amine

A
  • sodium hydroxide added to acidic reaction to form phenylamine
  • seperated via steam distillation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is strength determined of ammonia and amines as bases

A
  • strength depends on ability of lone pairs on electrons on nitrogen atom to accept a proton
  • stronger the base, more readily a proton is attracted.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what factors affect strength of ammonia and bases

A

positive inductive effect
• alkyl groups donate electron density to nitrogen atom causing lone pair of electrons to become more available

delocalisation
• presence of aromatic rings such as benzene cause lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom to be delocalised into benzene ring
• lone pair becomes less available, hence weaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do cationic surfactants work

A
  1. they are quarternary ammonium salts with a positively charged head and a non-polar tail
  2. hydrophobic tail dissolves in grease, while hydrophilic head interacts with water
  3. allows them to act as emulsifiers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly