3.10 - Aromatic Chemistry

Question 1

Compounds containing Benzene Rings are Called?

Answer 1

Arenes

Question 2

Name of Mechanism: Benzene + Electrophile

Answer 2

Electrophilic Substitution

Question 3

Reagents: Acylation of Benzene

Answer 3

Acyl Chloride

AlCl₃

Question 4

Conditions: Nitration of Benzene

Answer 4

50°C

Question 5

Evidence against Kekule’s Structure?

Answer 5

1. Doesn’t Decolourise Bromine Water
2. Carbon-Carbon bonds are intermediate in length between single & double bonds
3. Thermochemical data of Hydrogenation of Benzebe is ∼150kJmol⁻¹ more stable

Question 6

Uses of Nitrobenzene?

Answer 6

Explosives

Question 7

What do Double-headed curly arrows show?

Answer 7

Movement of a Pair of Electrons

Question 8

Why does Benzene undergo Substitution rather than Addition?

Answer 8

To Preserve stability of Delocalised electrons in π-bond

Question 9

Where is the Break in the Benzene ring located when it has a Positive charge?

Answer 9

Break faces Carbon which Electrophile is being Attached to

Question 10

Benzene is ____, it has a ____ ____ structure with bond angles of ____ ?

Answer 10

Planar
Trigonal Planar
120°

Question 11

Overlap of adjacent p-orbitals forms a ____ above & below ring?

Answer 11

π-bond

Question 12

The Electron Density in ____ is lower than in ____ ?

Answer 12

Benzene

an Alkene

Question 13

Carbon-Carbon bonds in ____ are ____ in length between ____ ?

Answer 13

Benzene
Intermediate
Single & Double Bonds

Question 14

Electrons in the π-bond are ____ ?

Answer 14

Delocalised

Question 15

The π-bond above & below the ring is an area of ____ ____ ____ that attracts ____ ?

Answer 15

High Electron Density

Electrophiles

Question 16

In Benzene, the π-electrons are ____ in an alkene, they’re ____ ?

Answer 16

Delocalised

Localised

Question 17

In ____, π-electrons are localised in ____, they’re delocalised?

Answer 17

an Alkene

Benzene

Question 18

Kekule’s Structure of Benzene?

Answer 18

Cyclohextriene

Question 19

Benzene is ____ reactive than methylbenzene?

Answer 19

Less

Question 20

If Benzene contained ____ bonds, it would ____ ____ water?

Answer 20

Carbon-Carbon double bonds

Decolourise Bromine Water

Question 21

Electrophile: Nitration of Benzene

Answer 21

NO₂⁺

Question 22

Define: Electrophile

Answer 22

Electron Pair Acceptor

Question 23

Generation of Electrophile: Nitration of Benzene

Answer 23

HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ |> NO₂⁺ + HSO₄⁻ + H₂O

Question 24

The ____ ____ in an Alkene is ____ than in Benzene?

Answer 24

Electron Density

Higher

Question 25

Electrophile: Acylation of Benzene

Answer 25

R-C(=O)⁺

Question 26

Conditions: Reduction of Nitrobenzene

Answer 26

Reflux

Question 27

Reagents: Nitration of Benzene

Answer 27

conc. HNO₃

conc. H₂SO₄

Question 28

Reagents: Reduction of Nitrobenzene

Answer 28

Tin & conc. HCl

Question 29

Conditions: Acylation of Benzene

Answer 29

Anhydrous

Question 30

Uses of Aminobenzene?

Answer 30

Dyes, Pharmaceuticals

Question 31

Why is Methylbenzene more reactive than Benzene?

Answer 31

Methyl group has a Positive Inductive effect
∴ Electron Density is Higher
Reacts more readily with Electrophiles

Question 32

Thermochemical data of ____ of Benzene is ____ more stable?

Answer 32

Hydrogenation

∼150kJmol⁻¹

Question 33

Mr of Benzene?

Answer 33

78