3.1 : Weimar Republic Flashcards
What problems did Ludendorff face in 1918?
Soviets created in German cities
Elites facing responsibility for defeat
Pro=democratic powers deciding Germany’s fate
Who did Ludendorff appoint as Chancellor?
Prince Max von Baden
What were the October Reforms?
Armistice talks opened
Chancellor made accountable to Reichstag
Kaiser gave up his powers to the Reichstag
What was the Stab in the Back myth?
Distorted view that the army had not lost the war
Unpatriotic groups had undermined the war effort
Where did the November Revolution mutinies occur?
Wilhelmshaven, Kiel and Hamburg
What was a Soviet?
Elected council, supported by radical left-wing
Who announced a coalition on November 9?
Friedrich Ebert
What were the aims of the Spartacist Revolt?
Start a revolution akin to Russia
Transfer power to workers councils
Nationalise industry and culture
Disarm police and army
Did the Spartacist Revolt succeed?
No, crushed by Freikorps led by General Luttwitz
How many communists were rounded up and killed?
500 including Luxemburg and Liebknecht
What was ‘Red Bavaria’?
Soviet Republic set up in 1919 in Bavaria
What was the reaction to Red Bavaria?
30,000 army and Freikorps elements crushed the Republic, over 1,000 Red Army members killed
How many Red Bavarian’s were rounded up?
800 including leader Eugene Levine
Who were the key figures in the 1920 putsch?
Wolfgang Kapp, General Luttwitz & Ludendorff
What were the demands of the Kapp-Luttwitz Putsch?
New elections
Eberts resignation
What was the reaction of the army to the Kapp putsch?
Soldiers refused to defend the government and fire upon their own kind
How did the government react to the Kapp Putsch?
Fled to Dresden and called for a general strike
How long did the rebels hold power after Kapp-Luttwitz?
4 days
What was the punishment for the Kapp rebels?
Nobody was punished, bar 1 man arrested
Luttwitz fled to Sweden
Who took part in the Ruhr Revolution?
Workers
Where was a new government set up in the Ruhr Revolt?
Essen
Did the Ruhr Revolution succeed?
No, Freikorps crushed revolution
What was the Ebert Groener agreement?
Promise by the government to keep army supplied and active in return for thier support putting down threats
What did the Ebert-Groener agreement show?
Key institutions so not support Germany
Who were the KPD?
Communist Party
Who was the Weimar Republic’s Head of State?
The President
What does ‘Diktat’ mean?
Dictated Peace
In 1922, what was the total national debt?
469 million marks
Where did Hitler’s putsch take place?
Beer Hall, Munich, Bavaria
Did Hitler’s putcsh succeed?
No, completely failed
