Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AQA A-Level Organic Chemistry > 3.1 Introduction to Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

3.1 Introduction to Organic Chemistry Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the empirical formula?

A

The simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the molecular formula?

A

The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the display formula?

A

A structure which shows all the atoms and bonds in a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the structural formula?

A

A structure which shows the relative positions of the atoms in a molecule but DOES NOT show any bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a functional group?

A

A reactive group which is attached to a hydrocarbon chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group but a different chain length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the general formula?

A

A formula that represents all members of a homologous eg CnH2n+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the skeletal formula?

A

Only bonds between carbon atoms and other atoms are shown
As well as other elements drawn on

Carbon and hydrogen atoms are not shown
Bonds between carbon and hydrogen are not shown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What 3 lines are used in 3D formula?

A

Solid - bond in plane
Wedge - bond towards you
Dash - bond retreating away from you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Functional group and naming of alkanes?

A

C-C

Ethane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Functional group and naming of alkene?

A

C=C

Ethene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Functional group and naming of alcohols?

A

O-H

Ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Functional group and naming of ketone?

A

C=O (in the middle)

Propanone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Functional group and naming of aldehyde?

A

C=O (CHO)
|
H

Propanal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Functional group and naming of carboxylic acid?

A

C=O (COOH)
|
O-H

Ethanoic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Functional group and naming of halogenoalkanes?

A

R-Hal or R-X

F - Fluoro
Cl - Chloro
Br - Bromo
I - Iodo

17
Q

How do you name more than one functional group?

A

2 - Di
3 - Tri
4 - Tetra

18
Q

How can we tell the position of a functional group, addition or double bond?

A

Add numbers before the words and choose the smallest option (you can flip the molecule)

19
Q

What is used in between numbers and words?

A

A hyphen -

20
Q

What order does naming use?

A

Alphabetical

21
Q

When naming what takes priority?

A

Double bonds

23
Q

What always goes on carbon 1?

A

The aldehyde and acid group

24
Q

What should you look out for and beware of when naming molecules?

A

Look out for the longest carbon chain

Beware the bent molecule

25
Q

How do you name a ‘circular’ molecule?

A

Cyclo -

26
Q

What is an isomer?

A

Molecules that have the same molecular formula but whose atoms are arranged differently

27
Q

What are the two types of isomerism?

A

Structural isomerism

Stereo isomerism

28
Q

What is structural isomerism?

A

They have the same molecular formula but different structural formula

29
Q

What are the three types of structural isomerism?

A

Positional
Chain
Functional group

30
Q

What is positional isomerism?

A

The functional group is attached to the main chain at different positions

31
Q

What is chain isomerism?

A

The hydrocarbon chain is arranged differently called chain branching isomers

32
Q

What is functional group isomerism?

A

The have the same molecular formula but have a different functional group

AQA A-Level Organic Chemistry (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions