3.1 Introduction To Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What is empirical formular?
The smallest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
What is molecular formular
It shows the number of each type of element in a compound
What is structural formula
The structure of the compound
What is displaced structural formula
Structure of the compound and all its bonds
What is skeletal formula
It shows the structure without ALL the atoms and bonds
What is the general formula
Members of the same homologous series w the same general formula, shows the ratio of every elements in the group
E.g CnH2n+2
What is the main chain
The longest carbon chain in a hydrocarbon
What is a side chain
Branch (methyl group)
What are the different types of isomers
Structural, Chain, position, function group, geometric
What are chain isomers?
The hydrocarbon chain is arranged differently
E.g. methyl or ethyl
What is a positional isomer
The function group is attached to the main chain at different points
What is a functional group isomer
There are different functional groups CH3CH2OH
CH3OCH3
What is geometric isomers
C=C bonds can’t rotate
- if the two heavier branches are both at the top or on the bottom it is a Z isomers
- if they are on different sides it is E
What is the rule for naming hydrocarbons w multiple halides
Put in alphabetical
What is the rule for methyl groups
2 is di
3 is tri
4 is tetra
