3.1 Global governance

Question 1

What does global governance refer to

Answer 1

The way in which global affairs are managed in response to increased interdependence

Question 2

Who makes the decisions in global governance

Answer 2

decisions made by individual governments , who then negotiate it with other countries (everyone decides)

Question 3

What has global governance focused on in recent years

Answer 3

1. Finance and Trade stability
2. Human rights and conflict
3. Reduction of Poverty
4. Environmental sustainability

Question 4

What are the 3 main types of global governance

Answer 4

Government agencies (linked to UN)
Non-Government agencies
Global commons

Question 5

Give 4 examples of international governenment agencies

Answer 5

Agenda 21 (world summit)
UNFCCC (world summit)

UNDP and UNEP

Question 6

What is agenda 21

Answer 6

voluntary, action plan agreed by governments to develop strategies for sustainable development

Question 7

Give some context for agenda 21

Answer 7

First hosted in Rio 1992.
Is a top down approach, where money trickles down for a bottom up effect

Question 8

Give an example of agenda 21’s success

Answer 8

Each local UK authority has their own agenda 21 responsible for our waste and recycling systems

Question 9

Give an example of somewhere agenda 21 is opposed and why

Answer 9

USA disagree as ideology has said …
1. It attacks personal liberties
2. They are trying to control everyone

Question 10

How often are new agenda 21 summits held and why

Answer 10

Held every 10 years to…
1. Assess if targets are being hit
2. Advance targets and corporation
3. Remind and reinvigorate about development

Question 11

What is the UNFCCC

Answer 11

The World summit on climate change

Designed to protect the atmospheric global common from emissions

Question 12

What is the UNFCC’s most famous agreement with some context

Answer 12

The Paris agreement was made in 2015.

After 20 years of disagreement, all 187 came to an agreement

Question 13

What are the conditions/aims of the Paris agreement

Answer 13

1. To reduce all net emissions to 0 in second half of 21st century
2. To halt rising temperatures to 1.5 C
3. Rich nations to pledge $100 billion a year
4. Will be reassessed every 5 years

Question 14

What is the UNDP

Answer 14

The United Nations development program , operating in over 170 countries to eradicate poverty and inequality

Question 15

What is the UNDP’s most famous work

Answer 15

The Millennium development goals

Question 16

Give some context for the millennium development goals

Answer 16

8 anti-poverty targets were set from 2000-2015.

Post 2015, there are now 17 targets, focusing

Question 17

List a few of the original millennium development goals

Answer 17

1. Eradicate extreme hunger
2. Universal primary education
3. Combat disease like HIV
4. Environmental sustainability

Question 18

List a few of the new millennium development goals

Answer 18

1. Economic growth
2. Infrastructure
3. More specific environmental roles such as life below sea (UNEP)

Question 19

Who are UNEP

Answer 19

Leading global environmental authority since 1972 o to provide leadership in caring for the environment

Question 20

What is the role of international government agencies

Answer 20

To foster corporation between states

Question 21

What is the role of NGO’s and their aims

Answer 21

To ensure justice and equality through giving a voice to the worlds poorest
1. Protect human rights
2. Provide essential services
3. Encourage bottom up approaches

Question 22

What are the 4 main ways NGO’s achieve justice and equality

Answer 22

1. Protect (give a fish)
2. Prevent (teach to fish)
3. Promote (give fishing gear)
4. Transform (protect fishing rights)

Question 23

How is global governance best achieved

Answer 23

Through clear communitions of both local and global issues, provided by NGO’s

Question 24

What are the 2 types of NGO’s

Answer 24

Operational - Provide frontline services for the needy like Oxfam

Advocacy - Raise awareness to gain support like Greenpeace

Question 25

Give an example of an NGO

Answer 25

Practical action

Question 26

Give some context for the NGO Practical action

Answer 26

Founded in 1966 and specialise in helping people use technology to eliminate poverty

Question 27

Give 3 examples of work that practical action has done

Answer 27

1. Smoke hoods in Nepal
2. Microhydro dam in Kenya
3. Flood proof houses in Peru

Question 28

What is a global common

Answer 28

Supranational areas that lie outside the political reach of any one nation

they have common shared resources

Question 29

What are the 4 global commons

Answer 29

1. The High seas
2. The atmosphere
3. Space
4. Antarctica

Question 30

What guides international law of the global commons

Answer 30

The Principle of common heritage - the idea that the localities belong to everyone and must be shared

Question 31

What is the tragedy of the commons

Answer 31

A concept which explains why common resources are likely to be exploited

If individuals act on self interest, contrary to others, resources will deplete

Question 32

How can we prevent the tragedy of the commons

Answer 32

Through international laws

Question 33

Give an example of 4 common international laws

Answer 33

1. IWC southern ocean whale sanctuary
2. UNFCCC
3. The moon treaty
4. ATS

Question 34

When was the UN made

Answer 34

1945

It currently has nearly every single world soverign state (193)

Established after WW2 to promote peace and owns other establishments such as the WHO

22 years later it expanded into the UNEP and in 2000 the UNDP