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PE Sport And Society > 3.1 emergence of globalisation of sport > Flashcards

3.1 emergence of globalisation of sport Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the conditions of pre industrial Britain

A
  • harsh working conditions
  • lack of hygiene
  • social classes
  • lack of communications
  • limited transport
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2
Q

What are the 4 C’s

A

Cruel
Clear class division
Countryside
Communications

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3
Q

Define feudal system

A

A way of structuring society around a relationship derived from holding land in exchange for service of labour

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4
Q

Define popular recreations

A

The sports and pastimes of people in pre-industrial Britain

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5
Q

What were activities like in pre-industrial Britain?

A

Male dominated
Aggressive
Lots of injuries
Damage to property
Reflected a harsh society

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6
Q

What are examples of popular recreations (3)

A

Mob football
Real tennis
Athletics

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7
Q

Who was mob football played by ?

A

The lower class peasants

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8
Q

Where was mob football played?

A

Played in villages or fields

Very localised

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9
Q

When was mob football played ?

A

Played on festivals and holy days due to the lack of leisure time

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10
Q

What was mob football played with?

A

Natural resources

E.g. using a pigs bladder instead of a leather football

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11
Q

What was mob football like ?

A

Male dominated
Very violent
Disorganised
Reflected an unruly society

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12
Q

Define patron

A

Member of the gentry who looked after the working class performers

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13
Q

Who played real tennis ?

A

Was played by upper class men

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14
Q

How was real tennis played ?

A

High moral code
Civilised
Respect

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15
Q

When was real tennis played ?

A

Because the upper class had lots of free time, it was played often.

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16
Q

What was real tennis played with ?

A

Played with good facilities and equipment

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17
Q

Where did real tennis take place ?

A

Upper class had time to travel so it was non-local

18
Q

Real tennis was a ________ game with ____________ demands

A

Skilled

Technica

19
Q

Characteristics of popular recreations

A 
Rules were simple/unwritten 
Betting with wagers 
Set in rural locations 
Events were local 
Events occurred annually
20
Q

Why were national governing bodies developed

A
  • The need for codification, Universal laws that could be used nationally
  • The need for competition like leagues and tournaments
  • To maintain exclusivity and the amateur ideal, The upper classes wanted to remain separate from the working-class professionals
21
Q

How did public school boys influence the spread of sport around the world

A
  • TEACHERS Develops teams and spread traditional sporting values
  • INDUSTRIALISTS They set up teams for their workers and gave them time off
  • CLERGY developed church teams
  • ARMY OFFICERS Used for within the armed services
  • NGB’s Created to codify sports establishing leagues and competitions which spread internationally
  • spread sport and its moral values throughout the BRITISH EMPIRE.
22
Q

What is an amateur

A

The person who plays sport for no financial gain or the love of it

23
Q

What is a professional

A

A person who plays sport for financial gain

24
Q

What are the key features of a gentleman amateur

A
  • Middle/upper class
  • Wealthy
  • Lots of free time
  • No desire to train or improve
  • High morality
  • Emphasis on taking part and fair play
25
Q

What are the key features of a working class professional

A
  • working class
  • poor
  • little free time due to long working hours
  • Committed to training and improving
  • low morality, win at all costs attitude adopted
26
Q

What are the key features of a modern day amateur

A
  • Lower status (Than professionals)
  • Play for the love of the game
  • Are mostly unpaid
  • all classes can be amateurs
27
Q

What are the key features of a modern day professional

A
  • all classes can be professional
  • have more free time to train
  • high rewards, due to commercialisation
  • celebrity status can be reached
28
Q

What factors have contributed to the rationalisation and development of sport

A
  • Urbanisation
  • More free time
  • Improve transport and communication
  • Increased organisation through and NGB’s
    
29
Q

What factors have contributed to the emergence of elite female performers

A
  • Equal opportunities, More women’s teams
  • Increase media coverage, More role models and increased participation
  • Encouragement from NGB’s
  • more funding
  • more free time as traditional roles have decreased
30
Q

What are the characteristics of rational recreation

A
  • Respectability And fair play
  • Regularly played
  • Strict codes and complex rules
  • Purpose-built facilities
  • Increased skills and tactics
31
Q

State the Sociocultural factors leading to the development of rational recreation

A
  • The transport revolution
  • Increase communications
  • The emergence of a middle-class and national governing bodies
  • The influence of the church
  • The British Empire
32
Q

How has increased transport and communication led to the development of sport

A

TRANSPORT
- more spectators travelling to watch games
- fixtures and leagues can be regional and national
COMMUNICATION
- role models emerging in the media
- increased involvement in sport
- codification spread and overseen nationally by NGB’s

33
Q

How has the church influenced the development of sport

A
  • creating teams
  • providing facilities
  • done to promote Christian values, high morals and increase church attendance
34
Q

How did the middle-class support the development of sport

A

- codification, developing NGB’S
- increasing free time, middle class factory owners would give workers time off to play sport
- increasing competition, development of leagues and competition, factory teams
- philanthropists who created public provisions

35
Q

What were the wedlock Olympian games

A
  • A mixture of athletics and traditional sports
  • Prizes offered for successful participants to encourage taking part
  • It was a forerunner to the modern Olympic Games
36
Q

Why was the Wenlock games set up

A
  • To create an Olympian class
  • To promote moral physical and intellectual improvements especially in the lower class people
37
Q

What is commercialisation

A

The attempt to gain money from an activity like sport

38
Q

How does sport achieve commercialisation

A
  • Through the golden triangle
  • This is the interaction of sport the media and business
39
Q

How does the golden triangle work

A
  • Sport attracts spectators which keep up with sport through the media, This attracts businesses who will pay money for sponsorship and advertising, This increase is funding for sport which increases the quality of sport and then increases the amount of spectators interested in sport
40
Q

what are the factors affecting the emergence of elite female performers (players and officials)

A
  • reaching pay equality in sports like grand slam tennis
  • well established high performing female role models e.g. Serena Williams, Jill Scott, Jessica Ennis-Hill
  • increasing media coverage of female performances
  • increased funding through Sport England and the lottery
  • increasing acceptance of female officials in both men’s and women’s sport
  • increasing acceptance of female athleticism, even in more male-dominated sports like football, cricket, rugby etc.

PE Sport And Society (2 decks)

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