3.1 Anatomy and Physiology of Reproduction Flashcards
Process of producing
offsprings.
REPRODUCTION
External sex organs.
GENITALS
Sex characteristics that are
present at birth.
PRIMARY SEX
CHARACTERISTICS
Sex characteristics that emerge
during puberty.
SECONDARY SEX
CHARACTERISTICS
experience various physical and emotional changes from childhood to
adulthood.
HUMANS
are the basic units of reproduction; their union can lead to
the creation of life.
Ova and sperm
The female sexual anatomy is designed for the production and fertilization
of —–, as well as carrying and delivering the offspring.
ovum
signals the final development of primary and accesory organs that
support reproduction.
Puberty
outer part of the female
genitalia.
Vulva
pads of fatty tissue
between pubic bone and skin.
Mons Veneris
outer lips surrounding
all the other structures.
Labia Majora
inner lips surrounding
the vestibule.
Labia Minora
area surrounding the
urethral opening and vagina.
Vestibule
clitoral hood (foreskin covering
clitoris).
Prepuce
female erogenous organ capable
of erection under sexual stimulation.
Clitoris
used for urination
Urethra
also called as
“introitus”.
Vaginal Opening
area of skin separating
genitalia from anus.
Perineum
collapsible canal extending
from vaginal opening back and upward
into body to cervix and uterus.
Vagina
small end of uterus to which
vagina leads.
Cervix
womb, organ within pelvic
zone where fetus is carried.
Uterus
Carry egg cells from
ovaries to uterus; this is where
fertilization occurs.
Fallopian Tubes
small, oval-shaped glands
located on either side of your uterus.
Ovaries
one of your ovaries
releases an egg. If a sperm fertilizes this
egg, you can become pregnant.
ovulation
one of your ovaries
releases an egg. If a sperm fertilizes this
egg, you can become pregnant.
ovulation
is the time in life when a boy or girl becomes
sexually mature.
PUBERTY
menstrual cycle
marks the beginning of puberty
in females; normal vaginal bleeding that occurs as
part of a woman’s monthly cycle.
The first episode occurs between 11 to 15 years of
age referred to as
“menarche”.
The time between the first day of the
period and ovulation. Estrogen rises
as an egg prepares to be released.
Follicular Phase
After the period, the uterine lining
builds back up again.
Proliferative
Phase
The time between ovulation and before the
start of menstruation, when the body
prepares for a possible pregnancy.
Progesterone is produced, peaks, and then
drops.
Luteal Phase
The uterine lining produces chemicals that will
either help support an early pregnancy or will
prepare the lining to break down and shed if
pregnancy doesn’t occur.
Secretory Phase
important role in sexual and reproductive development
estrogen
facilitates the implantation of the fertilized egg
progesterone
facilitates ovulation
LH
stimulates follicular reproduction
FSH
is designed for the production and
delivery of sperm for fertilization of the female’s ovum.
male sexual anatomy
Foreskin covering head of penis.
Prepuce
Glans (head), shaft, and root., During arousal, these engorged with blood, resulting in erection.
Penis
Sac that encloses the two compartments housing
in testes.
Scrotum
Found on head of penis; this is the end of tube connected
to bladder and used for urination.
Urethral Opening
AreA of skin separating the genitalia from anus,
distance is greater in male than females.
Perineum
produce androgen, particularly
large quantities of testosterone, which
greatly influence male development and
drive sexual motivation.
Testes-
Produce sperm cells.
Testes
Travels from testicle toward urethra carrying
sperm.
Vas deferens
Two glands that produce alkaline fluid rich in
fructose sugar, comprising 70% of semen
volume. Alkaline nature may stimulate sperm to
start self-propulsion and sugar may provide
sperm nutrients.
Seminal Vesicle
Connects vas deferens to urethra.
Ejaculatory Duct
Gland producing alkaline secretions that account
for about 30% of semen volume.
Prostate
Tube within penis that carries sperm and semen
the rest of the way to the opening of the penis.
Urethra
is the major male
hormone produced mainly by the
testes.
Testosterone
It is responsible for the growth and
development of a boy during
adolescence, development of
sperm, and secondary sexual
characteristics.
Testosterone
