3.1 Flashcards
How many effects does electricity cause?
4 different effects
- Heat
- Magnetic Action
- Light
- Chemical action
How many electrons do good conductors have in their valence orbit?
Less than 4
What type of structure do metallic bonds have?
A closely packed, crystal lattice
What is a semiconductor?
When several atoms share their electrons in their valence orbits.
When an arrangement of atoms classed as “chemically stable”, how many electrons are in the valence orbit?
4 electrons
How many electrons do insulators have in their valence orbit?
More than 4 electrons
What are positively or negatively charged atoms called?
Ions
Insulators require what, to remove electrons from the valence orbit?
More than 3V of electricity
Semiconductors require what, to remove electrons from the valence orbit?
An electric current of 3V or less
Conductors require what, to remove electrons from the valence orbit?
Nothing required (no voltage required) - electrons move freely
What is the charge of a single electron?
e = -0.1602 x 10^-18
What is the charge of a single proton?
e = +0.1602 x 10 ^ -18
What makes up the mass of an atom?
The protons and neutrons - the electrons have practically no mass
What are some examples of Semiconductors?
Germanium and Silicon
What is doping?
Adding other foreign objects to a semi-conductor to increase conductivity
